Table 3.
Preoperative baseline characteristics of patients with SLE.
| Isolated CABG | Valvular surgery | Aortic surgery | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of SLE (yr) | 19.5 ± 7.9 | 20.9 ± 14.9 | 24.4 ± 14.7 |
| Other collagen disease | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (12.5%) | 1 (25.0%) |
| Treatment with PSL | 4 (100.0%) | 14 (82.4%) | 4 (80.0%) |
| PSL ≥ 10 mg | 1 (25.0%) | 5 (29.4%) | 2 (40.0%) |
| PSL < 10 mg, ≥5 mg | 3 (75.0%) | 7 (41.2%) | 2 (40.0%) |
| PSL < 5 mg | 0 | 5 (29.4%) | 1 (20.0%) |
| Immunosuppressants | 2 (50.0%) | 5 (29.4%) | 0 |
| Platelet (×104/μL) | 19.2 ± 3.2 | 18.4 ± 7.6 | 17.2 ± 8.7 |
| D-dimer (μg/mL) | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 8.8 ± 23.6 | 38.0 ± 39.0 |
| Antithrombin III (%) | 115 ± 14 | 104 ± 16 | 97 ± 14 |
| Past history of miscarriage | 0 | 0 | 3 (60.0%) |
| Early pregnancy loss (<10 wk) | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Live births | |||
| History of stroke, infarction | 1 (25.0%) | 4 (23.5%) | 2 (40.0%) |
| History of deep vein thrombi | 0 | 5 (29.4%) | 2 (40.0%) |
| Pulmonary embolism | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Catastrophic APS | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Others thrombosis | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Immunoglobulin G (mg/dL) | 1186 ± 24 | 1263 ± 553 | 1260 ± 553 |
| C3 (mg/dL) | 91.0 ± 13.4 | 80.2 ± 15.2 | 98.6 ± 17.1 |
| C4 (mg/dL) | 17.3 ± 3.4 | 19.6 ± 10.0 | 20.2 ± 6.4 |
| CH50 (U/mL) | 40.8 ± 9.6 | 35.9 ± 7.7 | 42.3 ± 9.4 |
| Anti-nuclear antibody | 120 ± 134 | 252 ± 622 | 240 ± 622 |
| APS | 2 (50.0%) | 8 (47.1%) | 2 (40.0%) |
| LAC positivity | 0 | 4 (23.5%) | 1 (20.0%) |
| aCL antibody positivity | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (11.8%) | 0 |
| CLB2GP1 positivity | 1 (25.0%) | 5 (29.4%) | 0 |
| Triple positivity | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Double positivity | 1 (25.0%) | 3 (17.7%) | 1 (20.0%) |
| GAPPS > 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Severity grade of APS | |||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| I | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| II | 2 | 0 | 7 |
| III | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| IV | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| V | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Preoperative anticoagulation therapy | 1 (25.0%) | 3 (17.7%) | 2 (40.0%) |
| Preoperative heparin infusion | 3 (75.0%) | 10 (58.8%) | 4 (80.0%) |
| Preoperative IVIG | 2 (50.0%) | 9 (52.9%) | 3 (60.0%) |
| Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia | 0 | 1 (5.8%) | 1 (20.0%) |
aCL positivity was defined as ≥ 10 U/mL.
LAC positivity was defined as > 1.2 U.
CLB2GP1 positivity was defined as ≥3.5 (U/mL).
The factor indicates the number of positive factors for each case (aCL, LAC, and CLB2GP1).
aCL = anti-cardiolipin, APS = antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting, CLB2GP1 = anticardiolipin antibody, cardiolipin antibodyβ2-glycoprotein-1 complex, GAPPS = Global Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome Score, IVIG = intravenous gamma globulin, LAC = lupus anticoagulant, PSL = prednisolone.