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. 2023 Feb 3;14:1093044. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093044

TABLE 5.

Unstandardized indirect, direct, and total effects of the hypothesized model.

Point estimated Product of coefficient Bias-corrected Percentile Two-tailed significance
SE Z Lower Upper Lower Upper
Indirect effect
SE→Performance 1.91 0.56 3.43 1.05 3.34 0.94 3.11 0.00***
Direct effect
SE→Performance 2.41 1.13 2.13 0.31 4.79 0.31 4.79 0.02*
Total effect
SE→Performance 4.32 1.08 4.02 2.35 6.60 2.29 6.54 0.00***

SE, self-efficacy. ***p<0.001, *p<0.05.