Table 2.
Comparison of differences in the various variables (n = 252).
| CCS | BPN | EC | CC | FF | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 3.290 ± 1.254 | 5.008 ± 0.839 | 4.320 ± 0.698 | 2.511 ± 0.970 | 3.560 ± 1.182 |
| Female | 3.121 ± 0.952 | 4.652 ± 0.900 | 4.171 ± 0.677 | 2.788 ± 0.983 | 3.749 ± 0.950 | |
| t-value | 1.210 | 3.240** | 1.721 | −2.249* | −1.403 | |
| Age (years) | 10–14 | 3.228 ± 1.001 | 4.747 ± 0.670 | 4.385 ± 0.578 | 2.944 ± 1.096 | 3.668 ± 1.092 |
| 15–19 | 3.107 ± 1.053 | 4.808 ± 0.920 | 4.284 ± 0.650 | 2.632 ± 1.010 | 3.823 ± 0.990 | |
| 20–24 | 3.151 ± 1.137 | 4.788 ± 0.851 | 4.061 ± 0.711 | 2.565 ± 0.765 | 3.436 ± 0.969 | |
| ≥25 | 3.558 ± 1.267 | 4.997 ± 1.017 | 4.320 ± 0.807 | 2.642 ± 1.145 | 3.554 ± 1.373 | |
| F-value | 1.655 | 0.610 | 2.357 | 1.133 | 2.029 | |
| Sports level | Elite athlete① | 3.517 ± 1.335 | 4.795 ± 0.949 | 3.960 ± 0.814 | 2.767 ± 0.869 | 3.570 ± 1.117 |
| Level 1② | 3.178 ± 0.925 | 4.739 ± 0.839 | 4.294 ± 0.593 | 2.736 ± 0.950 | 3.721 ± 1.042 | |
| Level 2③ | 3.007 ± 1.051 | 4.921 ± 0.886 | 4.390 ± 0.624 | 2.503 ± 1.077 | 3.663 ± 1.069 | |
| F-value | 4.333* | 1.027 | 8.563** | 1.903 | 0.377 | |
| LSD | ① > ③** | — | ② > ①** | — | — | |
| ③ > ①*** | ||||||
| Sports events | Group events | 3.111 ± 1.124 | 4.915 ± 0.876 | 4.322 ± 0.731 | 2.537 ± 1.022 | 3.544 ± 1.187 |
| Individual events | 3.285 ± 1.092 | 4.740 ± 0.893 | 4.169 ± 0.643 | 2.762 ± 0.941 | 3.762 ± 0.943 | |
| t-value | −1.249 | 1.567 | 1.767 | −1.817 | −1.626 | |
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; t-value, the value of the independent-sample t-test; F-value, the value of the one-way ANOVA test; LSD, least square difference. CCS, controlling coaching style; BPN, basic psychological need; CC, constrained commitment; EC, enthusiastic commitment; FF, fear of failure.