Table 1.
The described effects of curcumin supplementation in livestock animals.
| S. No. | Study | Effective dosage | Animal | Main findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Effects of curcumin on growth performance, jejunal mucosal membrane integrity, morphology, and immune status in weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli | 300–400 mg/kg | Sus scrofa domesticus (Pig) | Curcumin acts as an alternative for the antibiotic quinocetone in diets fed to weaned piglets by improving their health and growth status | (71) |
| 2 | Curcumin and resveratrol regulate intestinal bacteria and alleviate intestinal inflammation in weaned piglets | 300 mg/kg | Sus scrofa domesticus (Pig) | Curcumin enhances intestinal immune function by regulating the piglet gut microbiota and decreasing intestinal inflammation via down-regulating TLR4 signaling pathway | (72) |
| 3 | Antiparasitic efficacy of curcumin against Besnoitia besnoiti tachyzoites in vitro | 5.93 μM | Bos taurus (Cattle) | Curcumin reduced Besnoitia besnoiti tachyzoites viability with up to 56% mortality. Hence curcumin has anticoccidal activity in vitro | (73) |
| 4 | Curcumin supplement in summer diet on blood metabolites, antioxidant status, immune response, and testicular gene expression in Hu sheep | 450 and 900 mg/sheep/day | Ovis aries (Hu sheep) | Dietary curcumin supplementation (450 and 900 mg/per sheep daily) can promote lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immune response as well as testicular development in Hu sheep | (49) |
| 5 | Diet supplemented with curcumin for nursing lambs improves animal growth, energetic metabolism, and performance of the antioxidant and immune systems | 100–200 mg/kg | Ovis aries (Lamb) | Curcumin enhanced enzyme activity which then lead to anti-inflammatory action and weight gain in lambs | (74) |
| 6 | Productive and physiological responses of lactating dairy cows supplemented with phytogenic feed ingredients | 15 g Actifor pro mix | Bos Taurus taurus × Bos primigenius indicus (Holstein × Gir cows) | Curcumin in the presence of other phytocompounds improved milk production and enhanced nutritional status | (81) |
| 7 | Curcumin mitigates AFB1-induced hepatic toxicity by triggering cattle antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways: A whole transcriptomic in vitro study | 450 mg/kg in feed 10 μM in BFH12 cell lines | Bos taurus (Cattle) | Curcumin reduced AFB1 induced toxicity and decreased cells mortality by 30% in bovine fetal hepatocyte-derived cell line (BFH12) | (75) |
| 8 | Curcumin alleviates IUGR jejunum damage by increasing antioxidant capacity through Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in growing pigs | 200 mg/kg | Sus scrofa domesticus (Pig) | Dietary curcumin reduced intrauterine growth retardation jejunum damage in pigs | (76) |
| 9 | Dietary supplemented curcumin improves meat quality and antioxidant status of intrauterine growth retardation growing pigs via Nrf2 signal pathway | 200 mg/kg | Sus scrofa domesticus (Pig) | Curcumin served as a natural antioxidant and improved the meat quality, redox status, and growth performance | (79) |
| 10 | Effect of the single and combined use of curcumin and piperine on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, and antioxidant capacity of weaned Wuzhishan piglets | 200 and 300 mg/kg | Sus scrofa domesticus (Wuzhishan Pig) | Curcumin improved intestinal permeability and reduced oxidative stress | (80) |
| 11 | Evaluation of dietary curcumin nanospheres in a weaned piglet model | 0.5 and 1.0 ml solutions of curcumin nanospheres | sus scrofa domesticus [Duroc × (Yorkshire × Landrace)] | Curcumin nanospheres reduce fecal pathogenic bacteria, ammonia gas emissions in weaned piglets along with enhancing their growth, immunity and feed utilization | (23) |
| 12 | Supplemental dietary curcumin improves testicular themodynamics, testosterone levels, and semen quality in Baladi bucks in the non-breeding season | 200 mg/kg | Capra aegagrus hircus (Goat) | Curcumin improved reproductive factors such as testosterone levels and testicular volume | (82) |
| 13 | Effects of curcumin on mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in the jejunum of oxidative stress piglets | 200 mg/kg | Sus scrofa domesticus (Pig) | Curcumin prevented mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) disorder in oxidative stress piglets | (78) |