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. 2023 Feb 17;18(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s11671-023-03792-x

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — Passive microfluidic mixers for inorganic NP synthesis (a) AuNPs synthesis in a silicon segmented flow microchannel. Reprinted with permission from [171].

Copyright 2012 American Chemical Society. b A double layer Y-shaped split and recombination micromixer for AgNPs fabrication [174]. c A curved split and recombination (Corning AFR) for the synthesis of AgNPs. Reproduced with permission from [175]. Copyrights © 2021 Elsevier. d Silica NPs production in a gear-serpentine microchannel [176]