Table 1.
Published data on tracheal granular cell tumors.
| Source | Age/ Sex |
Race | Complaint | Size (cm) |
Solitary/Multiple | Location | Intra/Extraluminal | Results/ Follow-up |
Surgical method/ Reconstruction method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benisch (9) | 25/F | Black | Respiratory difficulty asthma | 1.5 | S | Posterior wall erosion | Intra | NED/15 mo | Tracheal resection and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Krouse (10) | 54/F | Black | NA | 2.5 | M | Cervical tracheal | Extra | Postmortem finding | None |
| Thawley (11) | 33/F | Black | Painless left neck mass | 3.0 | S | Left lateral tracheal wall, cricoid cartilage | Extra | Residual disease/8y | Tracheal wall shaving and Thyroid lobectomy/none |
| Carnalis (12) | 45/F | NA | Intermittent hemoptysis | 5.5 | S | Posterior wall erosion | Intra and extra | NED/3 y | Tracheal resection and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Polack (13) | 29/F | Black | Incidentally found | 2.0 | S | Anterior wall erosion | Extra | NED/4 wk | Tracheal wall shaving/none |
| Dunaway (14) | 6/F | Black | Intermittent wheezing | 2.0 | M | Left lateral tracheal wall | Intra | Residual disease/9y | Endoscopic excision |
| McLain (15) | 26/M | Black | Dyspnea | 2.0 | M | 8 cm below the vocal cords | Intra | NED/9 mo | Endoscopic laser excision Tracheal resection and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Mikaelian (16) | 20/F | Black | Cough associated with dyspnea | 2.0 | S | Posterior wall erosion | Intra | NED/2 y | Endoscopic laser excision Tracheal resection and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Thaller (17) | 31/F | Black | Increasing shortness of breath | 6.0 | S | Anterior wall erosion | Intra | NED/6 wk | Endoscopic laser excision and tracheotomy |
| Alessi (18) | 33/F | Black | Right upper extremity weakness and dygphngin | NA | S | Low in the neck | Extra | NED/7 y | Partial tracheal resection and thyroid lobectomy/none |
| Alessi (18) | 37/F | Black | Incidentally found | 3.0 | S | 6 cm above the carina,submucogal | Intra | NED/2y | Tracheal resection and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Solomons (19) | 10/M | NA | Acute respiratory distress | NA | S | Posterior tracheal wall and anterior oesophageal wall | Intra | Died postoperatively vocal cords in a paramedian position indicating bilateral recurrent nerve palsies |
Partial tracheal resection and tracheotomy/Inferior turbinectomy and the turbinate mucosa sutured in to fill the defect |
| Oyama (20) | 30/F | Asian | Hemoptysis | 4.0 | S | Posterior tracheal wall | Intra | NED/1.5y | Tracheal resection and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Burton (21) | 14/F | Black | NA | NA | M | Cervical tracheal | Intra | NED/4 mo | Tracheal resection/end to end |
| Burton (21) | 37/F | Black | A chronic cough and upper respiratory infection | 4.0 | S | Right lateral tracheal wall erosion | Extra | NED/1 y | Tracheal shaving and partial tracheal resection Thyroid lobectomy |
| Burton (21) | 19/F | NA | Intractable asthma | 1.5 | S | Cervical tracheal | Intra | NED/8 y | Endoscopic excision, |
| Burton (21) | 43/F | Black | Severe asthma and new-onset dysphagia | 4.0 | S | Anterior wall erosion | Intra and extra | NED/6 mo | Tracheal resection and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Spandow (22) | 12/M | White | Increasing difliculty in breathing | 2.0 | S | Left lateral tracheal wall erosion | Intra and extra | NED/18 mo | Partial tracheal resection and thyroid lobectomy and tracheotomy/end to end |
| Thomas (23) | 46/F | NA | Dyspnea | 4.5 | S | Upper part of tracheal | Intra | Residual disease/9y | Successive endoscopic excision, laser |
| Frenckner (24) | 28/F | White | NA | NA | S | Cervical | Intra | NED/3 y | Transtracheal enucleation |
| Desai (25) | 10/F | NA | Obstructive sleep apnea and exercise-induced asthma | NA | S | Posterior tracheal wall | Intra | NED/10 y | Tracheal fissure and excision and tracheotomy/ |
| Kintanar (26) | 35/F | NA | Painless right neck mass | 2.2 | S | Right lateral tracheal wall | Extra | NA | Tracheal shaving/Thyroid lobectomy |
| Daniel M (27) | 29/F | Black | Dyspnea | 3.0 | S | Right lateral tracheal wall erosion | Intra and extra | NA | None |
| Ipakchi (8) | 22/F | Black | Shortness of breath, expiratory stridor | 3.0 | S | Right lateral tracheal wall | Intra | NED/18 mo | Endoscopic resection |
| Colella (28) | 58/M | White | trachyphonia and occasionally dysphonia Painless right neck mass | 1.1 | S | Right lateral tracheal wall erosion | Extra | NED/30 mo | Thyroidectomy, partial tracheal resection |
| Lee (29) | 45/F | Asian | Cough,shortness of breath | 3.0 | S | Anterior tracheal wall | Intra | NED/13 mo | Endoscopic resection, thyroid lobectomy |
| Guarnieri (6) | 64/F | White | Dyspnoea | 1.3 | S | Left lateral tracheal wall | Intra | NA | Electro surgery and argon plasma coagulation |
| Fama (30) | 26/F | NA | Painless right neck mass | 1.9 | S | Right lateral tracheal wall | Extra | NED/12 mo | Tracheal shaving/Thyroid lobectomy |
| Currentstudy | 45/F | Asian | Activities difliculty in breathing | 2.0 | S | Posterior wall erosion | Intra and extra | NED/3 mo | Partial posterior wall resection Reconstruction tracheal by two lateral edges of the fascia tissue flap |
NA, not available; F, female; M, male; S, solitary; M, multiple; Intra, intraluminal; Extra, extraluminal; NED, no evidence of disease; DWD, died with the disease.