Table 4.
Multivariate multiple linear regression analysis: Correlations between Language Environment Analysis (LENA) outcome measures (AWC, CTC and CVC) and family characteristics
| VARIABLES | lnAWC | lnCTC | lnCVC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | ||
| (1) | Age of child (months) | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.04) | ||
| (2) | Sex (1 = boy) | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
| (0.15) | (0.21) | (0.14) | ||
| (3) | Age of mother (years) | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
| (0.03) | (0.04) | (0.03) | ||
| (4) | Maternal education level (1 = completed middle school or above) | -0.18 | 0.00 | -0.00 |
| (0.32) | (0.41) | (0.27) | ||
| (5) | Mother is the primary caregiver (1 = yes) | -0.34 | -0.17 | 0.02 |
| (0.17) | (0.21) | (0.13) | ||
| (6) | Number of adults in the household | 0.24* | 0.13 | 0.02 |
| (0.10) | (0.13) | (0.10) | ||
| (7) | Whether there are siblings at home (1 = yes) | -0.18 | -0.50 | -0.35 |
| (0.33) | (0.51) | (0.25) | ||
| (8) | Paternal education level (1 = completed middle school or above) | 0.43* | 0.08 | -0.05 |
| (0.17) | (0.17) | (0.22) | ||
| (9) | Father lived at home during most of the last year (1 = yes) | -0.22 | -0.02 | 0.08 |
| (0.20) | (0.21) | (0.14) | ||
| (10) | Asset index (PCA score) | -0.03 | 0.10 | 0.02 |
| (0.10) | (0.15) | (0.07) | ||
| (11) | Observations | 38 | 38 | 38 |
| (12) | R-squared | 0.39 | 0.33 | 0.35 |
Source: Authors’ survey.
Notes: In our multivariate multiple linear regressions, the county fixed effects are used to control for the unobserved heterogeneity at the county level.
Standard errors in parentheses; standard errors were adjusted at the village cluster level.
** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05