Figure: Trial profile.

The numbers included for analysis might differ for each outcome at each timepoint because of participant refusal to complete specific primary outcome measures, even if they completed other primary outcome measures. Because the COVID-19 pandemic affected data collection and might have had an effect on health behaviours, the study team agreed to exclude wave 3 T3 data from the analysis. T1=timepoint 1. T2=timepoint 2. T3=timepoint 3. *Numbers add up to more than total to include reasons and timepoint when lost to follow-up. †Contributed data at T1 but not T2 or T3; reasons included too busy to participate (n=3), overwhelmed by idea of garden (n=3), health concerns (n=2), did not accept randomised assignment (n=2), moved away (n=1), had unanticipated travel (n=1), and did do not pass garden background check (n=1). ‡Decided to garden after randomisation (ie, crossed over) and left the study after T1 and did not contribute subsequent data; all data were analysed as randomised. §Includes two participants who decided to garden after randomisation (crossed over) and remained in the study and contributed data during follow-up (ie, at both T2 and T3); they were analysed as randomised.