Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.
| Study | Area of study | Time period for data | Type of study | Detection method | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boucau et al. [10] | US | 2021.07-2022.01 | Cohort study | Viral culture & RT-PCR | 19 |
| Bouton et al. [11] | US | 2021.11-2022.04 | Cohort study | Viral culture | 85 |
| Chen et al. [12] | US | 2022.03.20-2022.05.10 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 847 |
| Hay et al. [37] | US | 2021.07.05-2022.01.10 | Case series | RT-PCR | 97 |
| Hua et al. [13] | China | 2022.07.11-2022.07.26 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 225 |
| Jang et al. [14] | Korea | 2021.12 | Case series | Viral culture | 9 |
| Jung et al. [15] | Korea | 2022.03.14-2022.04.03 | Cohort study | Viral culture & RT-PCR | 32 |
| Kang et al. [16] | Korea | 2021.11-2022.05 | Cohort study | Viral culture & RT-PCR | 34 |
| Keske et al. [17] | Turkey | 2022.01.08-2022.02.17 | Case series | Viral culture & RT-PCR | 55 |
| Kim et al. [18] | Korea | 2022.01-2022.03 | Cohort study | Viral culture | 37 |
| Kojima et al. [19] | US | 2021.12 | Case series | RT-PCR | 734 |
| Lin et al. [38] | US | 2022.01 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 3 |
| Lu et al. [20] | China | 2022.04-2022.05 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 1377 |
| Luna-Muschi et al. [21] | Brazil | 2022.01.11-2022.01.24 | Case series | Viral culture & RT-PCR | 30 |
| Ma et al. [22] | China | By 2022.06.16 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 11 |
| Mack et al. [23] | US | 2021.12.14-2021.12.19 | Case series | RT-PCR | 173 |
| Okumura et al. [24] | Japan | 2021.11-2021.12 | Case series | RT-PCR | 11 |
| Pei et al. [25] | China | 2022.04.05-2022.05.08 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 25168 |
| Saade et al. [26] | France | 2021.11-2022.02 | Case series | Viral culture | 44 |
| Shen et al. [27] | China | 2022.03.08-2022.03.24 | Randomized controlled trial | RT-PCR | 76 |
| Takahashi et al. [28] | Japan | 2021.11.29-2021.12.18 | Case series | Viral culture | 10 |
| Tassetto et al. [29] | US | 2021.07-2022.03 | Cohort study | Viral culture | 39 |
| Tillmann et al. [30] | Germany | - | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 20 |
| Wang et al. [31] | China | By 2022.03.31 | Case series | RT-PCR | 376 |
| Xu et al. [32] | China | 2022.04.16-2022.05.05 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 458 |
| Yin et al. [33] | China | 2022.03.26-2022.05.20 | Case series | RT-PCR | 199590 |
| Yu et al. [34] | China | 2022.04.05-2022.04.29 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 331 |
| Zeng et al. [35] | China | 2022.01.08-2022.01.29 | Cohort study | RT-PCR | 380 |
| Zhong et al. [36] | China | 2022.04.24-2022.05.28 | Non-randomized clinical trial | RT-PCR | 36 |
RT-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; US, United States.