Fig. 2.

Expression of circadian clock molecules in the gut of the circadian rhythm disrupted mice. The mRNA and protein expression of circadian clock molecules, β-catenin, Bmal1, and Clock were measured in the intestinal epithelial cell-enriched fractions of the colon of mice exposed to 12-h light/dark cycling (LD) or constant 24-h light (LL) for 4 weeks. A mRNA expression of β-catenin, Bmal1 and Clock was assessed using RT-PCR. B, C Protein expression levels from the same mice as (A). Protein expression level of β-catenin, Bmal1 and Clock was measured by immunoblotting (B) and band intensity was quantified by densitometric analysis using Image J program (C). p indicates the level of statistical significance in the LL group compared to the LD group for individual genes and proteins. Values are mean ± SEM; n = 4–5