Table 2.
Long-term air pollution exposure concentrations in women in Women's Health Initiative (N = 9401 at enrollment) with bone mineral density data (concentrations at 1-, 3-, and 5-year average before first examination).
| Air pollutant | 1-year average |
3-year average |
5-year average |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| PM10 (μg/m3) | 22.15 | 5.57 | 22.45 | 5.48 | 22.91 | 5.48 |
| NO2 (ppb) | 17.90 | 5.27 | 18.12 | 4.74 | 18.17 | 4.74 |
| NO (ppb) | 39.29 | 19.72 | 39.82 | 17.87 | 39.86 | 17.87 |
| SO2 (ppb) | 6.39 | 3.68 | 6.50 | 3.55 | 6.55 | 3.55 |
PM10: particulate matter <10 μm; SO2: sulfur dioxide; NO and NO2: nitrogen oxides; SD: standard deviation; ppb: parts per billion.