Table 3.
Objective measurements (mean ± SD and range) from the Actiwatch among boys from the iREAD study (N = 168), Shabbat (N = 140), and overall (N = 140).
| All (N = 168) | Ultra-Orthodox (N = 57) | Religious (N = 67) | Secular (N = 44) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valid days | |||||
| Overall | 9.8 ± 2.4 | 9.2 ± 2.2 | 10.1 ± 2.4 | 10.2 ± 2.4 | P = 0.163 |
| 4–13 | 6–13 | 4–13 | 5–13 | ||
| Weekdays | 8.5 ± 1.9 | 8.2 ± 1.7 | 8.6 ± 2.1 | 8.6 ± 2.1 | n/a |
| 3–11 | 5–11 | 3–11 | 4–11 | ||
| Shabbat | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.64 ± 0.5 | n/a |
| 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | ||
| Valid nights | |||||
| Overall | 11.5 ± 2.3 | 10.8 ± 2.2 | 11.7 ± 2.4 | 12.0 ± 2.2 | P = 0.117 |
| 5–14 | 7–14 | 5–14 | 6–14 | ||
| Weeknights | 9.9 ± 1.9 | 9.3 ± 1.9 | 10.1 ± 1.9 | 10.3 ± 1.8 | n/a |
| 4–12 | 6–12 | 4–12 | 6–12 | ||
| Shabbat | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | n/a |
| 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | ||
| Wake time | |||||
| Overall | 06:52:04 ± 00:35:18 | 06:57:22 ± 00:33:30 | 06:50:08 ± 00:41:14 | 06:50:43 ± 00:26:28 | P = 0.814 |
| Weekdays | 06:49:37 ± 00:33:09 | 06:58:36 ± 00:29:46 | 06:45:06 ± 00:37:33 | 06:44:51 ± 00:28:05 | P = 0.135 |
| Shabbat | 07:34:22 ± 01:09:44 | 07:29:38 ± 01:01:57 | 07:33:29 ± 01:15:35 | 07:39:24 ± 01:07:49 | P = 0.862 |
| Bed time£ | |||||
| Overall | 21:23:38 ± 0:48:29 | 21:26:53 ± 0:40:51 | 21:20:02 ± 0:58:25 | 21:26:53 ± 0:40:51 | P = 0.814 |
| Weekdays | 21:19:36 ± 0:46:29 | 21:27:44 ± 0:35:55 | 21:13:38 ± 0:58:02 | 21:18:08 ± 0:37:22 | P = 0.280 |
| Shabbat | 22:11:24 ± 1:17:25 | 22:18:45 ± 1:20:34 | 22:00:44 ± 1:17:03 | 22:21:44 ± 1:15:09 | P = 0.407 |
| Sleep duration (hours)£ | |||||
| Overall | 9.1 ± 0.5 | 9.2 ± 0.5 | 9.1 ± 0.5 | 9.0 ± 0.5 | P = 0.365 |
| 7.6–10.3 | 7.9–10.3 | 7.6–10.0 | 7.6–10.0 | ||
| Weekdays | 9.1 ± 0.6 | 9.2 ± 0.5 | 9.1 ± 0.6 | 9.0 ± 0.6 | P = 0.648 |
| 7.2–10.3 | 8.0–10.3 | 7.2–10.3 | 7.6–10.1 | ||
| Shabbat | 8.9 ± 1.1 | 8.7 ± 1.0 | 9.2 ± 1.1 | 8.7 ± 1.0 | P = 0.097 |
| 5.4–11.3 | 5.6–10.7 | 5.4–11.3 | 5.9–10.7 | ||
| Daily average white light exposure (lux) | |||||
| Overall | 368 ± 153 | 298 ± 114 | 382 ± 160 | 403 ± 156 | P = 0.033 Post-hoc: UO < R, P = 0.037; UO < S, P = 0.011 |
| 65–887 | 65–581 | 100–887 | 184–785 | ||
| Weekdays | 368 ± 153 | 336 ± 139 | 376 ± 164 | 398 ± 150 | P = 0.247 |
| 59–832 | 59–699 | 95–832 | 166–738 | ||
| Shabbat | 365 ± 334 | 255 ± 175 | 397 ± 317 | 405 ± 428 | P = 0.231 |
| 15–2152 | 43–747 | 15–1418 | 28–2152 | ||
| Time outdoors (hours) | |||||
| Overall | 1.19 ± 0.57 | 0.85 ± 0.4 | 1.24 ± 0.55 | 1.37 ± 0.6 | P = 0.002 Post-hoc: UO < R, P = 0.002; UO < S, P < 0.001 |
| 0.12–2.88 | 0.12–1.8 | 0.17–2.88 | 0.25–2.78 | ||
| Weekdays | 1.17 ± 0.57 | 0.99 ± 0.53 | 1.19 ± 0.55 | 1.36 ± 0.61 | P = 0.018 Post-hoc: UO < R, P = 0.050; UO < S, P = 0.003 |
| 0.09–2.79 | 0.09–2.21 | 0.16–2.54 | 0.26–2.79 | ||
| Shabbat | 1.21 ± 1.14 | 0.81 ± 0.67 | 1.38 ± 1.1 | 1.28 ± 1.43 | P = 0.097 |
| 0–6.81 | 0.03–2.64 | 0.01–4.89 | 0–6.81 | ||
| Physical activity (counts per 15 s) | |||||
| Overall | 156 ± 29 | 157 ± 30 | 157 ± 31 | 152 ± 26 | P = 0.814 |
| 85–229 | 85–207 | 94–229 | 107–207 | ||
| Weekdays | 156 ± 28 | 158 ± 29 | 154 ± 30 | 154 ± 25 | P = 0.787 |
| 85–228 | 85–228 | 97–224 | 111–215 | ||
| Shabbat | 161 ± 44 | 164 ± 41 | 173 ± 47 | 140 ± 35 | P = 0.004 Post-hoc: S < R, P < 0.001 |
| 81–363 | 84–245 | 81–364 | 83–224 | ||
| Moderate and vigorous activity (minutes per day) | |||||
| Overall | 154 ± 47 | 153 ± 50 | 156 ± 49 | 149 ± 44 | P = 0.835 |
| 50–275 | 50–249 | 67–275 | 60–235 | ||
| Weekdays | 153 ± 46 | 154 ± 48 | 152 ± 47 | 153 ± 43 | P = 0.985 |
| 53–268 | 53–256 | 71–268 | 63,246 | ||
| Shabbat | 161 ± 69 | 166 ± 70 | 179 ± 71 | 129 ± 55 | P = 0.004 Post = hoc: S < R; P < 0.001; S < UO; P = 0.046 |
| 34–380 | 35–296 | 46–380 | 34–252 | ||
£Data was available for 142 children for Shabbat nights.