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. 2023 Jan 16;9(1):e12980. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12980

Table 1.

Characteristics of respondents.

VARIABLE n Percentage
Socioeconomic Determinants
Maternal educational status
Uneducated/elementary school 2516 23%
Junior/high school 6233 58%
University Graduates 2089 19%
Sufficient antenatal care visits, at least four times during pregnancy
No 962 9%
Yes 9876 91%
Earners in family
Mothers and/or fathers unemployed 270 2%
Mothers and fathers employed 10,568 98%
Childbirth status
Planned childbirth 9044 83%
Unplanned childbirth 958 9%
Unwanted childbirth 836 8%
Attending postnatal care during 2 months after delivery
No 3420 32%
Yes 7418 68%
Household wealth index
Poorest 2485 23%
Poor 2196 2%
Middle 2127 2%
Rich 2060 19%
Richest 1970 18%
Cluster type
Urban 5215 48%
Rural 5623 52%
Region
Non-Java 7410 68%
Java 3428 32%
Antenatal care assisted by healthcare professionals
No 171 2%
Yes 10,667 98%
Delivery assistance by healthcare professional
No 521 5%
Yes 10,317 95%
Delivery place in healthcare facilities
No 2003 18%
Yes 8835 82%
Proximate Determinants
Delivery complications
No complications 3220 3%
Prolonged labour 796 7%
Other complications 6822 63%
Delivery method
Vaginal delivery 8792 81%
Caesarean section 2046 19%
Infants' gender
Female baby 5296 49%
Male baby 5542 51%
Infants' birth weight
2500–4000 g 10,070 93%
<2500 g 768 7%
Neonatal deaths
No 10,755 99%
Yes 83 1%