Table 2.
Summary of patients with abdominal manifestations diagnosed as other than COVID-19
| No | Diagnosis | Sex | Age | BMI | Abdominal clinical presentation | Comorbidities | Vaccination frequency | D-dimer (μg/mL) | CRP (mg/dL) | Anti-S antibody (U/mL) | CT scan | Pneumonia | Onset to presentation (days) | Origin | ED/hospitalization | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending) | M | 23 | 24 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Pneumonitis | 2 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 559 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 3 | Clinic | Hospitalization | Conservation |
| 2 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (sigmoid) | M | 23 | 24 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding Nausea |
None | 2 | < 0.2 | 2.5 | 515 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 5 | PHC | ED | Conservation |
| 3 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (splenic flexure to sigmoid) | M | 23 | 17 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding Diarrhea, Vomiting |
None | 0 | 1.3 | 0.8 | < 0.4 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 5 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 4 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (sigmoid) | M | 27 | 24 | Gastrointestinal bleeding | None | 2 | < 0.2 | 0.5 | 880 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 5 | PHC | ED | Conservation |
| 5 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending) | M | 30 | 24 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
None | 2 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1243 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 7 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 6 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending to sigmoid) | F | 34 | 19 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
None | 2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 6685 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 6 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 7 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (splenic flexure to descending) | M | 39 | 25 | Gastrointestinal bleeding | None | 0 | 0.6 | 4.3 | < 0.4 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 1 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 8 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending) | F | 42 | 23 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding Diarrhea |
None | 2 | 0.4 | 0.9 | < 0.4 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 3 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 9 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending) | F | 42 | Missing |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Kikuchi disease | 3 | < 0.2 | 3.7 | 18,981 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 2 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 10 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending to sigmoid) | F | 44 | 29 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
HT Diverticulum hemorrhage |
2 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 1109 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 3 | Clinic | ED | Conservation |
| 11 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending to sigmoid) | F | 45 | 22 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Arrhythmia | 0 | 0.9 | 0.1 | < 0.4 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 3 | None | Hospitalization | Conservation |
| 12 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (splenic flexure to sigmoid) | F | 52 | 18 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Ischemic colitis Uterine fibroid |
3 | 3.8 | 0.3 | 52,443 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 7 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 13 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending) | F | 59 | 24 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Uterine fibroid | 0 | 0.5 | 1.7 | < 0.4 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 3 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 14 |
Acute hemorrhagic colitis (splenic flexure to descending) |
F | 61 | 20 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
None | 4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 96,338 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 4 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 15 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending) | F | 65 | 23 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 3 | < 0.2 | 0.1 | 1448 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 2 | PHC | Hospitalization | Conservation |
| 16 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (splenic flexure to sigmoid) | F | 66 | 24 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
Pulmonary tuberculosis | 3 | 1.2 | 6.1 | 5524 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 8 | PHC | Hospitalization | Conservation |
| 17 | Acute hemorrhagic colitis (descending) | F | 84 | 20 |
Abdominal pain Gastrointestinal bleeding |
GERD Endometriosis |
2 | 0.9 | 4.5 | 38,839 |
Chest Abdominal |
Yes | 6 | None | Hospitalization | Conservation |
| 18 | Drug-induced adverse event (Casirivimab and imdevimab) | M | 47 | 34 | Nausea | HT, HL, angina pectoris | 2 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 633 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 5 | None | Hospitalization | Conservation |
| 19 | Drug-induced adverse event (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) | F | 49 | 19 |
Abdominal pain Nausea |
None | 3 | 0.2 | 1 | 2809 | Chest | Yes | 10 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 20 | Drug-induced adverse event (molnupiravir) | F | 66 | 28 | Abdominal pain | BA, DM, HT, Arrhythmia | 3 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 498 | Chest | Yes | 5 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 21 | Drug-induced adverse event (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) | M | 67 | Missing | Nausea and vomiting | None | 3 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 5641 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 5 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 22 | Drug-induced adverse event (molnupiravir) | F | 71 | Missing | Diarrhea | Auto immune hepatitis | 0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | < 0.4 | Chest | Yes | 3 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 23 | Retroperitoneal hemorrhage | M | 41 | 28 | Abdominal and back pain |
HL HU |
3 | 1.1 | 6.2 | 6790 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 5 | None | Hospitalization | Embolization |
| 24 | Retroperitoneal hemorrhage | M | 56 | 22 | Abdominal pain | None | 3 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 10,553 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 1 | None | Hospitalization | Embolization |
| 25 | Appendicitis | F | 53 | 20 |
Abdominal pain Diarrhea |
None | 3 | 0.5 | 16.9 | 5466 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 5 | None | Hospitalization | Surgery |
| 26 | Appendicitis | M | 75 | 22 | Abdominal pain | Duodenal ulcer | 3 | 2.3 | 14 | 3693 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 3 | PHC | Hospitalization | Conservation |
| 27 | Choledocholithiasis | F | 24 | 40 | Abdominal pain | None | 2 | 9.9 | 0.4 | 9577 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 8 | None | Hospitalization | Endoscopy |
| 28 | Choledocholithiasis | F | 31 | 25 | Abdominal pain | None | 3 | 1.8 | 0.5 | N/A |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 9 | None | Hospitalization | Endoscopy |
| 29 | Constipation | F | 42 | 23 | Abdominal pain | None | 3 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 8 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 30 | Constipation | F | 81 | Missing | Constipation |
COPD Dyslipidemia |
3 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 18,461 | Chest | No | 4 | PHC | ED | Conservation |
| 31 | Anuresis | M | 74 | 21 | Anuresis |
Appendicitis Prostatitis |
4 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 7 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 32 | Anuresis | F | 90 | 18 | Abdominal pain |
HT, gastric ulcer Pneumonitis, pyelonephritis |
2 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 97.5 |
Chest Abdominal |
Yes | 4 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 33 | Cholecystitis | M | 55 | 26 | Abdominal pain | HT | 3 | 2.0 | 28.1 | 15,422 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 6 | None | Hospitalization | Surgery |
| 34 | Cholelithiasis | F | 44 | 24 | Abdominal pain | None | 3 | 0.4 | 2.5 | 54,505 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 2 | None | ED | Conservation |
| 35 | Ruptured esophageal varices | M | 74 | 22 | Gastrointestinal bleeding | DM, HT, LC | 0 | 1.1 | 1.5 | < 0.4 |
Chest Abdominal |
Yes | 4 | PHC | Hospitalization | Endoscopy |
| 36 | Spermatic cord torsion | M | 21 | 21 |
Abdominal pain Orchialgia |
None | 0 | < 0.2 | 0.7 | < 0.4 | None | N/A | 8 | PHC | Hospitalization | Surgery |
| 37 | Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst | F | 22 | 21 | Abdominal pain | None | 3 | < 0.2 | 0.1 | 99,004 |
Chest Abdominal |
No | 1 | Clinic | ED | Conservation |
BMI Body mass index, CRP C-reactive protein, CT Computed tomography, ED Emergency department, PHC Public health center, HT Hypertension, HL Hyperlipidemia, GERD Gastroesophageal reflux disease, BA Bronchial asthma, DM Diabetes mellitus, HU Hyperuricemia, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, LC Liver cirrhosis