TABLE 3.

Signaling pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs in DCIS

DEGs	Biological pathway	Count	p‐value	Mapped gene names
Upregulated	Activation of BH3‐only proteins	4	4.16E‐05	MAPK8, TFDP1, BCL2L11, BID
	Signaling by NGF	7	0.001	MAPKAPK2, TRIB3, MAPK8, NRAS, BCL2L11, MDM2, RIT1
	C‐MYB transcription factor network	5	0.003	PAX5, NRAS, MYB, COL1A2, TFEC
	Intrinsic pathway for apoptosis	4	0.004	MAPK8, TFDP1, BCL2L11, BID
	Signaling to ERKs	3	0.005	MAPKAPK2, NRAS, RIT1
	PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway	9	0.01	FGFR2, NRAS, TNC, EFNA3, COL1A2, MDM2, COL1A1, MYB, BCL2L11
	MicroRNAs in cancer	5	0.03	NRAS, CD44, TNC, MDM2, BCL2L11
	ECM‐receptor interaction	4	0.04	CD44, TNC, COL1A2, COL1A1
Downregulated	TRIF‐mediated TLR3 signaling	4	0.000	FOS, PTPN11, MEF2C, RPS6KA2
	Regulation of CDC42 activity	5	0.003	HDAC7, KLF4, FOS, MITF, FYN
	MAPK targets/ nuclear events mediated by MAP kinases	3	0.005	FOS, MEF2C, RPS6KA2
	Toll receptor cascades	5	0.005	FOS, CD14, PTPN11, MEF2C, RPS6KA2
	Integrin‐linked kinase signaling	6	0.009	HDAC7, KLF4, FOS, MITF, FYN, FKBP5
	Focal adhesion	6	0.025	COL4A1, LAMA3, FYN, ITGB5, RAP1B, MYLK
	Oxytocin signaling pathway	5	0.031	MEF2C, FOS, ADCY6, OXTR, MYLK
	Pathways in cancer	8	0.037	FOS, COL4A1, LAMA3, MITF, ADCY6, RUNX1T1, MECOM, CTNNA1

Note: Count, the number of enriched genes in each term.