TABLE 1.

The main feature of apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis.

Type of cell death	Morphological feature	Regulators	Relationship with ferroptosis
Apoptosis	Plasma membrane blebbing, exposure of membrane phosphatidylserine, cellular and nuclear volume reduction. Nuclear shrink, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation and margination	Bax, Bak, p53, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL	Ferroptosis inhibit apoptosis through the JNK signaling pathway activity
Necroptosis	Rupture of plasma membrane. Organelle swelling. Moderate chromatin condensation	RIP1/3, MLKL	Ferroptosis is always accompanied by necroptosis. NADPH might be a link between them
Autophagy	Formation of double-membraned autolysosomes	PI3K-AKT-mTOR, MAPK-ERK1/2-mTOR signal pathway	Autophagy regulates intracellular iron homeostasis and ROS synthesis to promote ferroptosis
Ferroptosis	The cell membrane did not rupture and blisters. Mitochondrial crests are reduced or disappeared, and the outer mitochondrial membrane ruptures. Normal nuclear size and chromatin	NOX, GPX4, p53, HO-1 DHODH, FSP1, BH4, GOT1, NRF2