Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants by METS-IR Tertiles
| Characteristics | Overall | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (<42.01) | (≥42.02 to <48.25) | (≥48.26) | ||
| N | 2031 | 677 | 677 | 677 |
| Age, years | 49.58 ± 10.77 | 51.89 ± 11.01 | 49.03 ± 10.16 | 47.13 ± 10.07 |
| Male, n (%) | 1547 (68.76%) | 426 (62.92%) | 494 (72.97%) | 506 (74.74%) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 412 (18.31%) | 77 (11.37%) | 116 (17.13%) | 168 (24.82%) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | ||||
| Never | 1294 (57.51%) | 435 (64.25%) | 353 (52.14%) | 363 (53.62%) |
| Past | 232 (10.31%) | 67 (9.90%) | 74 (10.93%) | 68 (10.04%) |
| Current | 724 (32.18%) | 175 (25.85%) | 250 (36.93%) | 246 (36.34%) |
| Drinking status, n (%) | ||||
| Never | 1356 (60.27%) | 437 (64.55%) | 376 (55.54%) | 386 (57.02%) |
| Past | 165 (7.33%) | 40 (5.91%) | 48 (7.09%) | 64 (9.45%) |
| Current | 729 (32.40%) | 200 (29.54%) | 253 (37.37%) | 227 (33.53%) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.42 ± 3.84 | 25.63 ± 1.88 | 28.36 ± 2.05 | 31.08 ± 2.61 |
| SBP, mmHg | 139.88 ± 19.68 | 139.46 ± 19.59 | 139.87 ± 19.07 | 139.89 ± 19.88 |
| DBP, mmHg | 91.70 ± 14.06 | 90.66 ± 14.28 | 91.76 ± 13.52 | 92.94 ± 13.93 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 95.95 ± 18.37 | 96.49 ± 22.22 | 95.25 ± 19.84 | 96.40 ± 22.20 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 76.96 ± 19.43 | 76.09 ± 20.44 | 76.69 ± 16.47 | 79.03 ± 20.37 |
| BUN, mmol/L | 5.31 ± 1.51 | 5.30 ± 1.53 | 5.25 ± 1.39 | 5.34 ± 1.52 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.57 ± 1.21 | 4.62 ± 1.38 | 4.47 ± 1.02 | 4.56 ± 1.15 |
| TG, mmol/L | 2.17 ± 1.69 | 1.60 ± 0.78 | 2.07 ± 1.15 | 2.71 ± 1.96 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.11 ± 0.29 | 1.25 ± 0.27 | 1.08 ± 0.22 | 0.95 ± 0.20 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.64 ± 0.80 | 2.72 ± 0.83 | 2.63 ± 0.77 | 2.60 ± 0.77 |
| FBG, mmol/L | 5.30 ± 1.48 | 4.96 ± 1.03 | 5.20 ± 1.12 | 5.64 ± 1.76 |
| AHI, events/h | 24.94 ± 19.52 | 21.39 ± 16.85 | 24.11 ± 17.60 | 28.83 ± 21.94 |
| Medication use, n (%) | ||||
| ACEIs/ARBs | 1038 (46.13%) | 316 (46.68%) | 313 (46.23%) | 330 (48.74%) |
| β-blockers | 430 (19.11%) | 114 (16.84%) | 125 (18.46%) | 142 (20.97%) |
| CCBs | 1355 (60.22%) | 392 (57.90%) | 419 (61.89%) | 412 (60.86%) |
| Diuretics | 218 (9.69%) | 63 (9.31%) | 71 (10.49%) | 66 (9.75%) |
| Aspirins | 732 (36.04%) | 243 (35.89%) | 236 (34.86%) | 253 (37.37%) |
| Statins | 715 (35.20%) | 238 (35.16%) | 233 (34.42%) | 244 (36.04%) |
| OSA therapy, n (%) | ||||
| Untreated | 2080 (92.44%) | 639 (94.39%) | 628 (92.76%) | 609 (89.96%) |
| Regular oral appliance treatment | 79 (3.51%) | 14 (2.07%) | 24 (3.55%) | 34 (5.02%) |
| Regular CPAP treatment | 91 (4.04%) | 24 (3.55%) | 25 (3.69%) | 34 (5.02%) |
Notes: Values of continuous variables are expressed as medians (twenty-fifth percentile - seventy-fifth percentile) or means (standard deviation). Categorical variables are expressed as no. (%).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL-C, lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; AHI, apnea hypopnea index; TG, triglyceride; ACEIs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; CCBs, calcium channel blockers; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; METS-IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance.