Table 3.
Comparison of outcomes in COVID-19 patients by age group
| Outcomes | All patients | Age 19−59 years | Age ≥60 years | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortality and associated causes, n (%) | ||||
| In-hospital mortality | 1,702 (15.64) | 655 (9.29) | 1,047 (27.31) | <0.001 |
| ARDS | 720 (42.30) | 265 (40.46) | 455 (43.46) | 0.223 |
| Septic shock | 687 (40.36) | 234 (35.73) | 453 (43.27) | 0.002 |
| Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome | 143 (8.40) | 67 (10.23) | 76 (7.26) | 0.032 |
| Acute coronary syndrome | 133 (7.81) | 42 (6.41) | 91 (8.69) | 0.088 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 100 (5.88) | 33 (5.04) | 67 (6.40) | 0.245 |
| Brain herniation | 66 (3.88) | 38 (5.80) | 28 (2.67) | 0.001 |
| Decompensated heart failure | 42 (2.47) | 17 (2.60) | 25 (2.39) | 0.788 |
| Respiratory failure and associated causes, n (%) | ||||
| Respiratory failure | 1,608 (14.78) | 678 (9.62) | 930 (24.26) | <0.001 |
| Pneumonia | 891 (55.41) | 351 (51.77) | 540 (58.06) | 0.012 |
| ARDS | 845 (52.55) | 334 (49.26) | 511 (54.95) | 0.024 |
| Shock | 140 (8.71) | 49 (7.23) | 91 (9.78) | 0.072 |
| Central neurological cause | 86 (5.35) | 43 (6.34) | 43 (4.62) | 0.130 |
| Pulmonary edema | 32 (1.99) | 17 (2.51) | 15 (1.61) | 0.205 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 19 (1.18) | 12 (1.77) | 7 (0.75) | 0.062 |
| DVD | ||||
| Sample, n | 1,606 | 676 | 930 | |
| Median (IQR) | 13 (12) | 13 (13) | 12 (11) | 0.039 |
| ICU admission and reasons for admission, n (%) | ||||
| ICU admission | 1,740 (15.99) | 761 (10.80) | 979 (25.53) | <0.001 |
| ARDS | 930 (53.45) | 370 (48.62) | 560 (57.20) | <0.001 |
| Shock | 177 (10.17) | 69 (9.07) | 108 (11.03) | 0.179 |
| Impaired level of consciousness | 109 (6.26) | 52 (6.83) | 57 (5.82) | 0.388 |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 78 (4.48) | 23 (3.02) | 55 (5.62) | 0.009 |
| Acute kidney injury necessitating dialysis | 73 (4.20) | 30 (3.94) | 43 (4.39) | 0.642 |
| Treatment-related indication | 70 (4.02) | 45 (5.91) | 25 (2.55) | <0.001 |
| Acute stroke | 56 (3.22) | 22 (2.89) | 34 (3.47) | 0.495 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 36 (2.07) | 13 (1.71) | 23 (2.35) | 0.351 |
| Post-cardiac arrest | 23 (1.32) | 10 (1.31) | 13 (1.33) | 0.980 |
| Cerebral edema | 18 (1.03) | 12 (1.58) | 6 (0.61) | 0.049 |
| Venous thromboembolism | 13 (0.75) | 7 (0.92) | 6 (0.61) | 0.461 |
| LICUS | ||||
| Sample, n | 1,737 | 759 | 978 | |
| Median (IQR) | 15 (11) | 15 (11) | 14 (13) | 0.701 |
| LHS | ||||
| Sample, n | 10,881 | 7,047 | 3,834 | |
| Median (IQR) | 13 (9) | 14 (10) | 13 (8) | <0.001 |
IQR, interquartile range; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; ICU, intensive care unit.