Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by outpatient SARS-CoV-2 treatment status
|
Outpatient treatment |
No outpatient treatment (n=278) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any treatment (n=426)* | Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir (n=307) | Monoclonal antibodies (n=105) | |||
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 58·3 (15·6) | 57·1 (14·9) | 61·2 (17·5) | 58·7 (16·4) | |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 331 (78%) | 235 (77%) | 83 (79%) | 205 (74%) | |
| Male | 95 (22%) | 72 (23%) | 22 (21%) | 73 (26%) | |
| Race | |||||
| Asian | 11 (3%) | 9 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 9 (3%) | |
| Black or African American | 19 (4%) | 15 (5%) | 4 (4%) | 20 (7%) | |
| Other | 20 (5%) | 16 (5%) | 4 (4%) | 16 (6%) | |
| White | 367 (86%) | 259 (84%) | 95 (90%) | 223 (80%) | |
| Unknown | 9 (2%) | 8 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 10 (4%) | |
| Hispanic or Latinx ethnicity | 5 (1%) | 4 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | |
| Zip code area median household income, US$ | 93 125 (77 411–113 509) | 93 889 (78 077–115 533) | 89 742 (70 252–108 876) | 84 847 (65 386–103 978) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28·1 (7·4) | 27·7 (7·3) | 28·9 (7·4) | 27·0 (8·3) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 260 (61%) | 202 (66%) | 50 (48%) | 152 (55%) | |
| Past | 146 (34%) | 92 (30%) | 48 (46%) | 98 (35%) | |
| Current | 15 (4%) | 9 (3%) | 6 (6%) | 16 (6%) | |
| Unknown | 5 (1%) | 4 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 12 (4%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1 (1–3) | 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–5) | 2 (1–4) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index category | |||||
| 0 | 56 (13%) | 47 (15%) | 8 (8%) | 44 (16%) | |
| 1 | 180 (42%) | 151 (49%) | 25 (24%) | 92 (33%) | |
| 2 | 75 (18%) | 51 (17%) | 22 (21%) | 41 (15%) | |
| ≥3 | 115 (27%) | 58 (19%) | 50 (48%) | 101 (36%) | |
| Individual comorbidities | |||||
| Hypertension | 167 (39%) | 103 (34%) | 57 (54%) | 134 (48%) | |
| Asthma | 68 (16%) | 43 (14%) | 22 (21%) | 44 (16%) | |
| Cancer excluding non-melanoma skin cancer | 57 (13%) | 34 (11%) | 21 (20%) | 49 (18%) | |
| Coronary artery disease | 53 (12%) | 23 (7%) | 26 (25%) | 45 (16%) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 51 (12%) | 28 (9%) | 20 (19%) | 44 (16%) | |
| Diabetes | 43 (10%) | 19 (6%) | 19 (18%) | 47 (17%) | |
| Heart failure | 26 (6%) | 4 (1%) | 19 (18%) | 38 (14%) | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 20 (5%) | 4 (1%) | 15 (14%) | 24 (9%) | |
| Interstitial lung disease | 20 (5%) | 9 (3%) | 11 (10%) | 22 (8%) | |
| Median eGFR, mL/min/1·73 m2 | 86 (71–101) | 88 (77–101) | 80 (64–97) | 87·5 (70–100) | |
| Categorical eGFR, mL/min/1·73 m2 | |||||
| ≥60 | 378 (89%) | 284 (93%) | 86 (82%) | 236 (85%) | |
| ≥30 to <60 | 42 (10%) | 23 (7%) | 14 (13%) | 33 (12%) | |
| <30 | 6 (1%) | 0 | 5 (5%) | 9 (3%) | |
| Previous immunity to SARS-CoV-2 | |||||
| Vaccination status | |||||
| Unvaccinated | 9 (2%) | 8 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 18 (6%) | |
| Partially vaccinated | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Two mRNA vaccine doses or one adenovirus vaccine dose | 56 (13%) | 41 (13%) | 13 (12%) | 56 (20%) | |
| Additional doses | 361 (85%) | 258 (84%) | 91 (87%) | 204 (73%) | |
| Tixagevimab–cilgavimab use | 8 (2%) | 5 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 4 (1%) | |
| Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection | 8 (2%) | 8 (3%) | 0 | 2 (1%) | |
Data are mean (SD), n (%), or median (IQR). Percentages might not sum to 100% due to rounding. Zip code area median household income was missing for six patients. eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate.
*
Characteristics of other outpatient treatments (five patients received molnupiravir, three received remdesivir, and six received combination treatment [four received nirmatrelvir–ritonavir and monoclonal antibodies and two received molnupiravir and monoclonal antibodies]) are shown in the appendix (pp 6–7).