Table 8.
Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the association of selected risk factors with IPV among women of reproductive age in Debre Berhan, 2021 (n = 796).
| Variable | Category | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crude | Adjusted | ||
| Age of woman (years) | 18–28 | 0.42 (0.27–0.67)** | 0.88 (0.38–2.04) |
| 29–38 | 0.54 (0.34–0.85)** | 0.90 (0.44–1.82) | |
| 39–45 | 1 | 1 | |
| Woman education | No formal education | 7.24 (4.25–12.33)** | 3.66 (1.91–6.98)** |
| Primary education | 5.50 (3.46–8.74)** | 3.52 (2.04–6.07)** | |
| Junior education | 4.19 (2.54–6.89)** | 3.35 (1.87–6.02)** | |
| Secondary education | 2.08 (1.24–3.49)** | 1.79 (0.97–3.28) | |
| Diploma and above | 1 | 1 | |
| Woman has own income | No | 1.61 (1.21–2.14)** | 1.78 (1.24–2.56)** |
| Yes | 1 | 1 | |
| Woman access to media | No | 1.35 (0.82–2.25) | 0.98 (0.51–1.88) |
| Yes | 1 | 1 | |
| Woman attitude on IPV | Acceptable | 4.51 (1.78–11.42)** | 4.02 (1.33–12.14)* |
| Not acceptable | 1 | 1 | |
| Age of the male partner (years) | 20–30 | 0.54 (0.36–0.81)** | 1.03 (0.48–2.21) |
| 31–40 | 0.64 (0.44–0.93)* | 0.88 (0.48–1.61) | |
| 41-68 | 1 | 1 | |
| Male partner education status | No formal education | 5.08 (2.93–8.81)** | 3.06 (1.53–6.14)** |
| Primary education | 2.96 (2.00–4.38)** | 1.46 (0.85–2.50) | |
| Junior education | 1.67 (1.07–2.63)* | 0.93 (0.51–1.68) | |
| Secondary education | 1.39 (0.90–2.14) | 0.91 (0.52–1.61) | |
| Diploma and above | 1 | 1 | |
| Male partner occupation | Farmer | 1.61 (0.96–2.70) | 0.50 (0.24–1.02) |
| Manual worker | 1.67 (1.16–2.42)** | 0.95 (0.56–1.62) | |
| Trader/Pettit-trade | 1.35 (0.95–1.92) | 0.76 (0.48–1.22) | |
| Govt./NGO employee | 1 | 1 | |
| Male partner has own income | No | 1.59 (0.89–2.83) | 1.82 (0.85–3.92) |
| Yes | 1 | 1 | |
| Religious belief of the male partner | Weak | 7.36 (3.04–17.78)** | 4.17 (1.45–12.03)** |
| Medium | 1.98 (1.46–2.70)** | 1.64 (1.13–2.39)* | |
| Strong | 1 | 1 | |
| Alcohol habit of the male partner | Yes | 6.41 (4.63–8.88)** | 5.91 (4.03–8.67)** |
| No | 1 | 1 | |
| Smoking habit of the male partner | Yes | 4.95 (2.92–8.38)** | 2.04 (1.10–3.77)* |
| No | 1 | 1 | |
| Family size | 3 and below | 1 | 1 |
| 4–5 | 1.66 (1.18–2.34)** | 1.73 (1.03–2.92)* | |
| 6 and above | 2.17 (1.51–3.13)** | 1.85 (1.01–3.39)* | |
| Presence of children | Yes | 2.15 (1.40–3.31)** | 1.39 (0.74–2.61) |
| No | 1 | 1 | |
| Number of childrena | No child | 1 | — |
| Single child | 1.46 (0.89–2.40) | — | |
| 2–4 children | 2.48 (1.60–3.85)** | — | |
| ≥5 children | 3.96 (1.31–11.98)* | — | |
| Extended family living together | Present | 1.29 (0.97–1.70) | 1.05 (0.70–1.59) |
| Not present | 1 | 1 | |
IPV, intimate partner violence; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
a
Variable(s) not included in the multivariate analysis due to collinearity with other variable(s).
*
Significant at P < 0.05; **Significant at P < 0.01.