Table 4.

Risk of incident diabetes associated with frequency of fresh fruit consumption by baseline glucose metabolism

	< 1 time/week	1–3 times/week	4–7 times/week	> 7 times/week	P trend
Normal glucose tolerance (n = 21,679)
n. cases/participant	65/2094	217/7001	317/10,584	49/2000
Model 1	Ref. (1.00)	1.08 (0.82–1.42)	0.97 (0.73–1.27)	0.67 (0.46–0.97)	0.0308
	p	0.6013	0.8000	0.0360
Model 2	Ref. (1.00)	1.14 (0.83–1.57)	1.02 (0.74–1.42)	0.51 (0.37–0.95)	0.0140
	p	0.4191	0.8860	0.0292
Impaired glucose regulation (n = 58,243)
n. cases/participants	565/5779	1625/17,521	2592/29,383	456/5560
Model 1	Ref. (1.00)	1.00 (0.90–1.10)	0.96 (0.87–1.05)	0.89 (0.79–1.01)	0.1645
	p	0.9750	0.3883	0.0722
Model 2	Ref. (1.00)	0.97 (0.87–1.08)	0.92 (0.83–1.03)	0.88 (0.76–1.02)	0.2764
	p	0.5332	0.1525	0.0963

Data are hazard ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI). P values for trend was for the Wald statistic, the “type III” results, for the additive model from the multivariable Cox regression models. Model 1, adjusted for age, sex, and study areas; Model 2, further adjusted for BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, sedentary time, smoking and drinking status, education level, family history of diabetes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and other major dietary consumption components, based on Model 1. p value was for the risk of diabetes in relation to each specific group of fruit intake, as compared to the < 1 time/week

Bold values descriptive for case number in each groups and need not to be compared, thus do not have P values for them