Fig. 1. Schematic of Genomic SEM.

a Truncated heatmap of genetic correlations for six regions of interest (ROIs) that all load onto the same genomic factor of cortical thickness (F2_CT). These six brain regions were identified as loading on the same factor using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). b Path diagram of the confirmatory factor model results produced by Genomic SEM using the genetic correlation matrix in panel (a) as input. All parameter estimates are standardized with respect to SNP-based genetic variances. The genetic components of each brain region, the common factor defined by these genetic components, and the residual genetic variance for each brain region are represented as circles to reflect the fact that these are latent (i.e., not directly observed) variables. c Map of the factor standardized loadings for the six cortical regions on the cortex. Color coding is the same as in panel (a).