Skip to main content
. 2023 Feb 20;13:2914. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29735-1

Table 5.

Comparison of resilience metrics based on quantification methods, strengths, and limitations.

Article Methods Strengths Limitations
Zhang et al.49 Based on max-plus algebra Uses a digital twin based automatic resilience evaluation system It focuses on system internal disruptions only. Needs historical datasets regarding fault modes to evaluate resilience
Alexopoulos et al.50 Generic algorithm (probabilistic) It combines both technological and economical terms and requires no large and complex amounts of data for calculations. Disruptions are observed as an ignition for system changes. Production-related aspects, such as varying types of products, operational status, and varying demand, can be described and utilized in a common context Dependent on disruptions occurrence probabilities estimation
Song et al.19 Fuzzy logic and generic algorithm The resilience model can be also used to solve other combination problems. Considers also cost and reputation factors Focus on cloud manufacturing only
Caputo et al.53 Generic algorithm (deterministic) Step by step description of the process explained. Based on resilience, economic loss is calculated. Manufacturing was observed as the quality of service to estimate resilience Addresses full plant processes and systems, rather than one workstation. No experiment or case study was included
Li et al.54 DMEA and Monte Carlo simulation based (deterministic) Considers different types of resilience behaviors based on specific disruption Only considers internal disruptions and needs historical datasets for a bottom-up approach
Yoon et al.12 General algorithm (probabilistic) It is based on the existing resilience equation in which restoration as one component is considered Focus and description are on sensor false alarms. Systems using prognostics and health management techniques were considered only
Jin et al.55 Generic algorithms (probabilistic) Expands the manufacturing resilience approach by defining 3 resilience metrics: performance loss, performance restoration time, and underperformance time Case study set-up and resilient calculation not described, but only mentioned
Gu et al.9 Generic algorithms (probabilistic) Expands the manufacturing resilience approach by defining 3 resilience metrics: production loss, throughput settling time, and total underproduction time. Compares resilience to different company policies Addresses full plant processes and systems, rather than one workstation