TABLE 1.

Descriptive analysis of demographics and clinical variables in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and healthy controls (HC).

Variables	Healthy controls (HC)	Multiple sclerosis (pwMS)	P-values
N/Gender	92 (48 females)	50 (30 females)	p < 0.01
Age	36.2 (12.9)	46.8 (14.4)	p < 0.01
Education (years)	17.7 (3.63)	16.5 (4.60)	p < 0.05
EDSS		3.11 (1.88)
Disease duration in years		11.3 (11.8)
SDMT score (*)	64.1 (13.0)	56.2 (15.4)	p < 0.01
SDMT z-score	−0.0978 (1.04)	−0.529 (1.28)	p < 0.01

EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test. EDSS was measured with Expanded Disability Status Scale (Kurtzke, 1983). SDMT z-Scores were calculated with standardized tables from Smith (1968) controlling for age and education. For age, years of education, SDMT score, SDMT z-score and disease duration mean, and standard deviations were calculated. We have calculated p-values with t-tests if variables followed normal distribution (*) and with Mann-Whitney U-test if they did not follow normal distribution.