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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 21.
Published in final edited form as: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 17;454:116247. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116247

Fig. 1. Proposed mechanism of antimony (Sb) adverse effects in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Fig. 1.

Environmental antimony exposure can potentially increase oxidative stress resulting in redox imbalance, contribute to disturbance of right ventricular (RV) calcium homeostasis, and increase RV endoplasmic reticulum stress which can result in worsening RV dysfunction and maladaptive RV response in PAH. (Created with BioRender.com).