Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 21.
Published in final edited form as: Health Soc Care Community. 2022 Jul 22;30(6):e5027–e5037. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13918

Table 2.

Characteristics of Commenters and Non-Commenters

Characteristics* Overall
N=5337
Commenters
N=657
Non-Commenters
N=4680

No. (%) No. (%) No. (%)

Demographics

Age, M(SD) 58.9 (10.7) 59.4 (10.9) 58.9 (10.7)
Gender
Male 4757 (90.5) 564 (87.9) 4193 (90.8)
Female 479 (9.1) 75 (11.7) 404 (8.8)
Other 23 (0.4) 3 (0.5) 20 (0.4)
Hispanic or Latinx 551 (10.6) 75 (12.0) 476 (10.4)
Race
White 2224 (45.4) 300 (51.6) 1924 (44.5)
African American 2096 (42.8) 179 (30.8) 1917 (44.4)
American Indian or Alaska 69 (1.6)
Native 89 (1.8) 20 (3.4)
Asian Pacific Islander 80 (1.6) 9 (1.6) 71 (1.6)
Multiple Race 412 (8.4) 73 (12.6) 339 (7.9)

Housing Status

Currently homeless 677 (12.7) 112 (17.1) 565 (12.1)
Chronic homelessness 933 (17.5) 159 (24.2) 774 (16.5)
Unsheltered experience, last 6 months 755 (14.2) 116 (17.7) 639 (13.7)
Income <$1000/month 2113 (40.9) 272 (43.4) 1841 (40.5)

Substance Use and Pain

Drug problem§ 726 (13.9) 97 (15.2) 629 (13.7)
Alcohol problem§ 1511 (28.9) 175 (27.4) 1336 (29.1)
Personal overdose experience in last 3 yearsǁ 355 (6.7) 63 (9.8) 292 (6.3)
Severe chronic pain 2040 (38.2) 330 (50.2) 1710 (36.5)

Notes

*

Missing information from survey response: gender 78, ethnicity 136, race 436, income 164, drug problem 107, alcohol problem 107, overdose 71

Chronic homelessness: If a participant affirms either (a) having 4 separate instances of homelessness in the last 3 years or (b) affirming current homelessness with longest episode >1 year.

Unsheltered experience: Participant spent 1 or more nights on the street, in a car, in an abandoned building in the 6 months prior to the survey

§

Alcohol or drug problem is based on the Two-Item Conjoint Screening test, pertaining to the last 12 months.

ǁ

Overdose: Affirming overdose on alcohol or drugs that necessitated immediate medical care in the 3 years prior to survey completion

Severe Chronic Pain: Participants who reported having bodily pain that of more than 3 months duration coupled with current pain ≥7 on a 0–10 scale