Table 2.
Percentage of Recent Infections Among HIV Positives by Year and by Recent Infection Testing Algorithm, Kenya, 2007–2018
| Male | Female | 15–24 Years | 25–34 Years | 35–44 Years | 45–64 Years | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harmonized RITA | ||||||||
| 2007 (N = 1,017) | n (%) | 26 (7.7) | 37 (5.7) | 18 (11) | 26 (7.7) | 9 (3.0) | 10 (4.1) | 63 (6.3) |
| 95% CI | 3.6–12 | 3.4–7.9 | 5.1–16 | 4.2–11 | 0.60–5.5 | 1.1–7.2 | 4.2–8.4 | |
| 2012 (N = 569) | n (%) | 8 (5.9) | 21 (5.4) | 9 (15) | 13 (8.4) | 5 (3.1) | 2 (1.4) | 29 (5.6) |
| 95% CI | 0.37–11 | 2.9–8.0 | 3.7–27 | 3.5–13 | 0.19–6.0 | 0–3.3 | 3.0–8.2 | |
| aOR (p-value) vs. 2007 | 0.80 (0.70) | 1.2 (0.64) | 1.4 (0.49) | 1.1 (0.90) | 1.0 (0.97) | 0.29 (0.15) | 1.00 (1.0) | |
| 2018 (N = 1,521) | n (%) | 7 (2.5) | 13 (1.3) | 5 (6.2) | 5 (1.8) | 5 (0.82) | 5 (1.1) | 20 (1.7) |
| 95% CI | 0.34–4.6 | 0.42–2.1 | 0–13 | 0.031–3.6 | 0–1.7 | 0–2.3 | 0.75–2.6 | |
| aOR (p-value) vs. 2007 | 0.35 (0.047) | 0.27 (0.0014) | 0.51 (0.26) | 0.23 (0.0084) | 0.27 (0.052) | 0.24 (0.032) | 0.31 (<0.001) | |
| aOR (p-value) vs. 2012 | 0.45 (0.21) | 0.23 (<0.001) | 0.36 (0.15) | 0.22 (0.0096) | 0.26 (0.065) | 0.84 (0.85) | 0.31 (0.0018) | |
| Full RITA | ||||||||
| 2012 (N = 569) | n (%) | 6 (5.0) | 16 (3.6) | 7 (11) | 11 (7.1) | 4 (2.4) | 0 | 22 (4.1) |
| 95% CI | 0–10 | 1.6–5.6 | 0.59–21 | 2.5–12 | 0–5.0 | — | 1.7–6.5 | |
| 2018 (N = 1,521) | n (%) | 4 (1.4) | 7 (0.73) | 1 (2.2) | 4 (1.2) | 4 (0.64) | 2 (0.65) | 11 (0.95) |
| 95% CI | 0–3.0 | 0.069–1.4 | 0–6.5 | 0–2.6 | 0–1.4 | 0–1.7 | 0.27–1.6 | |
| aOR (p-value) vs. 2012 | 0.33 (0.16) | 0.20 (0.0036) | 0.18 (0.13) | 0.17 (0.0084) | 0.26 (0.11) | — (—) | 0.26 (0.0032) | |
RITA, n/N is number recent over total HIV+ tested for recency (unweighted), CI, aOR, controlling for sex and age group. All estimates adjusted for survey designs. Harmonized RITA is based on LAg-avidity and antiretroviral treatment (self-report and biomarker), full RITA is based on LAg-avidity assay, antiretroviral treatment (self-report and biomarker) and viral load ≥1,000 c/mL. Items in bold are significant (p < .05). Percentages, p-values, and odds ratios rounded to two significant digits.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio.