Table III.
Effects of HDACs on carcinogenesis.
| HDAC | Cancer types | Substrate (histone and non-histone) | Cellular processes affected |
|---|---|---|---|
| HDAC1 | Lung, gastric, liver, breast, ovarian, prostate, renal, bladder and hematological | H4K16 and H3K56 | Differentiation, proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis and cell cycle |
| HDAC2 | Medulloblastoma, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, breast, ovarian, prostate, renal, bladder and hematological | H4K16 and H3K56 | Differentiation, proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis and cell cycle |
| HDAC3 | Lung, gastric, breast, ovarian, prostate, bladder, melanoma and hematological | H3K9, H3K14, H4K5 and H4K12 | Differentiation, proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle and inflammation |
| HDAC4 | Hematological (lymphoblastic leukemia) and colorectal tumors | Not defined | Angiogenesis |
| HDAC5 | Hematological, bladder, renal, breast, medulloblastoma | p53 | Proliferation, angiogenesis apoptosis and cell cycle |
| HDAC6 | Hematological (lymphoblastic leukemia) | α-tubulin, HSP90 and cortactin | Inflammation, metastasis, angiogenesis, cell cycle and apoptosis |
| HDAC7 | Hematological (lymphoblastic leukemia) | Not defined | Angiogenesis and proliferation |
| HDAC8 | Neuroblastoma, melanoma and hematological | ERRα | Differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle |
| HDAC9 | Hematological | Not defined | Proliferation and apoptosis |
| HDAC10 | Cervical tumors and chronic lymphocytic leukemia | Not defined | Angiogenesis and cell cycle |
| HDAC11 | Lung, mixed lobular and ductal breast carcinoma, mantle cell lymphoma and myeloproliferative neoplasms | Not defined | Proliferation and survival |
| SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, SIRT6 and SIRT7 | Breast, head and neck, non-small cell lung, colon, prostate, ovarian, gastric, melanoma and hepatocellular | H4K16, H3K9, H3K18, H3K56, H4K16, p53, p73, PTEN, FOXO1, FOXO3a, FOXO4, NICD, MEF2, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, TAF(I)68, SREBP-1c, β-catenin, RelA/p65, PCAF, TIP60, p300, SUV39H1, H4K16, H3K56, α-tubulin and ATP-citrate lyase SETD8 | Differentiation, proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle and inflammation |
H3K/H4K, histone 2/4 lysine; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; HDAC, histone deacetylase; MEF2, myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2; NICD, Notch 1 intracellular domain; PCAF, P300/CBP-associated factor; SIRT, sirtuin; SUV39H1, suppressor of variegation 3–9 homolog 1; ERRα, estrogen-related receptor α; FOXO, forkhead box transcription factors; TAF(I)68, TBP-associated factor; SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c; SETD8, SET domain-containing protein 8.