Table 2.
Anxious and depressive symptoms of the participants at wave 1, wave 2 and wave 3.
| Wave 1 (n = 705) | Wave 2 (n = 590) | Wave 3 (n = 512) | χ2/Ζ | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHQ-9 score | 3.0 (2.0)a,b | 4.0 (2.0)a,c | 4.0 (2.0)b,c | 50.267 | <0.001 |
| Depressive symptoms | 45.024 | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 133 (18.9)d,e | 166 (28.1)d,f | 184 (35.9)e,f | ||
| No | 572 (81.1) | 424 (71.9) | 328 (64.1) | ||
| GAD-7 score | 3.0 (4.0) | 3.0 (4.0) | 3.0 (4.0) | 2.952 | 0.229 |
| Anxious symptoms | 0.667 | 0.718 | |||
| Yes | 201 (28.5) | 179 (30.3) | 155 (30.3) | ||
| No | 504 (71.5) | 411 (69.7 | 357 (69.7) |
Note: PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire 9-Item; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item. Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test was used. PHQ-9 score and GAD-7 score were described as median and inter-quartile.
a
Z = −4.665, P<0.001.
b
Z = −6.815, P<0.001.
c
Z = −2.364, P=0.018.
d
χ2 = 15.544, P<0.001.
e
χ2 = 44.878, P<0.001.
f
χ2 = 7.699, P=0.006; Bonferroni adjustment was used and a P-value lower than 0.017 was considered statistically significant.