Fig. 6.

EEG correlates of Bayesian prediction error (BPE). Encoding of BPE in the EEG responses, similar to Fig. 5B —t-statistics for the regression coefficients associated with BPE. BPE is obtained from the model which best explains the participants’ behavior: a Bayesian model learning the TPs with a time constant of 8 stimuli. The shaded horizontal areas centered around 0 indicate the nonsignificant regions for P <  0.05, two-tailed. No time interval was deemed significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction of the significance levels.