(A). Injection scheme for chemogenetic activation of medial serotonergic hindbrain neurons. Stereotaxic coordinates used for activating midline serotonergic neurons of Tph2-Cre animals with hM3D(q)-containing AAVs (–6, 0, 5.9). (B). Example of an injection site from an experiment to activate midline serotonergic neurons with hM3D(q) (scale bar = 500 μm). (C). Lumbar spinal cord from the injection site shown in B. showing mCherry-expressing terminals located ventral to the dense 5-HT innervation of the superficial dorsal horn (scale bar = 200 μm). (D). Sensory and sensorimotor coordination assays of animals following CNO or vehicle injections. Repeated one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc tests for von Frey (F(3, 6)=13.84, p<0.0001) show significant decreases between post-vehicle and post-CNO injections (P=0.0005) as well as pre-CNO and post-CNO (p<0.0001). Significance: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, **p<0.001.