Table 2.
Comparisons of Characteristics of Study Participants by Suicidal Ideation.
| In the past 2 weeks | In the past 12 months | In lifetime | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Yes (n = 111) | No (n = 3,019) | p | Yes (n = 151) | No (n = 2,979) | p | Yes (n = 297) | No (n = 2,835) | p | |
| Age, n (%) | |||||||||
| 60–69 | 41 (36.9) | 1,281 (42.4) | 54 (35.8) | 1,267 (42.5) | 113 (38.1) | 1,208 (42.6) | |||
| 70–79 | 44 (39.6) | 1,110 (36.8) | 61 (40.4) | 1,094 (36.7) | 116 (39.1) | 1,039 (36.7) | |||
| 80 and above | 26 (23.4) | 628 (20.8) | .28 | 36 (23.8) | 618 (20.8) | .25 | 68 (22.9) | 588 (20.7) | .31 |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||||||
| Men | 23 (20.7) | 1,265 (41.9) | 32 (21.2) | 1,256 (42.2) | 64 (21.6) | 1,224 (43.2) | |||
| Women | 88 (79.3) | 1,754 (58.1) | <.001 | 119 (78.8) | 1,723 (57.8) | <.001 | 233 (78.5) | 1,611 (56.8) | <.001 |
| Education, n (%) | |||||||||
| 0 | 9 (8.2) | 174 (5.8) | 15 (10.0) | 168 (5.7) | 29 (9.8) | 156 (5.5) | |||
| 1–6 | 51 (45.9) | 1,122 (37.3) | 61 (40.7) | 1,112 (37.5) | 102 (34.5) | 1,071 (37.9) | |||
| 7–12 | 33 (29.7) | 1,068 (35.5) | 50 (30.3) | 1,051 (35.4) | 105 (35.5) | 996 (35.3) | |||
| 13–16 | 15 (13.5) | 560 (18.6) | 20 (13.3) | 555 (18.7) | 51 (17.2) | 524 (18.6) | |||
| 17 and more | 2 (1.8) | 85 (2.8) | .20 | 4 (2.7) | 83 (2.8) | .13 | 9 (3.0) | 78 (2.8) | .05 |
| Income (US$), n (%) | |||||||||
| 0–4,999 | 47 (42.7) | 990 (33.0) | 58 (38.7) | 979 (33.1) | 111 (37.6) | 926 (32.9) | |||
| 5,000–9,999 | 54 (49.1) | 1,555 (51.9) | 77 (51.3) | 1,532 (51.8) | 144 (48.8) | 1,466 (52.1) | |||
| 10,000–14,999 | 9 (8.2) | 299 (10.0) | 13 (8.7) | 295 (10.0) | 31 (10.5) | 277 (9.8) | |||
| 15,000–19,999 | 0 (0.0) | 68 (2.3) | 1 (0.7) | 67 (2.3) | 4 (1.4) | 64 (2.3) | |||
| More than 20,000 | 0 (0.0) | 87 (2.9) | .05 | 1 (0.7) | 86 (2.9) | .25 | 5 (1.7) | 82 (2.9) | .34 |
| Marital Status, n (%) | |||||||||
| Married | 55 (49.6) | 2,165 (71.9) | 81 (53.6) | 2,139 (72.0) | 165 (55.6) | 2,056 (72.7) | |||
| Separated | 5 (4.5) | 52 (1.7) | 6 (4.0) | 51 (1.7) | 10 (3.4) | 47 (1.7) | |||
| Divorced | 2 (1.8) | 72 (2.4) | 3 (2.0) | 71 (2.4) | 8 (2.7) | 66 (2.3) | |||
| Widowed | 48 (43.2) | 709 (23.5) | 60 (39.7) | 697 (23.4) | 113 (38.1) | 645 (22.8) | |||
| Never married | 1 (0.9) | 15 (0.5) | <.001 | 1 (0.7) | 15 (0.5) | <.001 | 1 (0.3) | 15 (0.5) | <.001 |
| Living arrangement, n (%) | |||||||||
| Living alone | 39 (35.1) | 630 (20.9) | 51 (33.8) | 618 (20.8) | 88 (29.6) | 582 (20.5) | |||
| 1–2 | 35 (31.5) | 1,268 (42.0) | 64 (42.4) | 1,497 (50.3) | 130 (43.8) | 1,432 (50.5) | |||
| 3–4 | 19 (17.1) | 459 (15.2) | 26 (17.2) | 457 (15.4) | 48 (16.2) | 435 (15.4) | |||
| 5 or more | 18 (16.2) | 661 (21.9) | .002 | 10 (6.6) | 406 (13.6) | <.001 | 31 (10.4) | 385 (13.6) | .002 |
| Yeas in the United States, n (%) | |||||||||
| 0–10 | 29 (26.1) | 807 (26.7) | 38 (25.2) | 798 (26.9) | 74 (25.0) | 762 (27.0) | |||
| 11–20 | 36 (32.4) | 921 (30.7) | 44 (29.1) | 913 (30.8) | 86 (29.1) | 872 (30.9) | |||
| 21–30 | 24 (21.6) | 736 (24.5) | 36 (23.8) | 724 (24.4) | 62 (21.0) | 698 (24.7) | |||
| 31 or more | 22 (19.8) | 541 (18.0) | .88 | 33 (21.9) | 530 (17.9) | .67 | 74 (25.0) | 490 (17.4) | .012 |
| Country of origin | |||||||||
| China | 102 (91.9) | 2,802 (92.8) | 135 (89.4) | 2,769 (93.0) | 264 (88.9) | 2,642 (93.2) | |||
| Others | 9 (8.1) | 217 (7.2) | .71 | 16 (10.6) | 210 (7.1) | .10 | 33 (11.1) | 193 (6.8) | .006 |
| Overall health status, n (%) | |||||||||
| Very good | 5 (4.5) | 134 (4.4) | 6 (4.0) | 133 (4.5) | 13 (4.4) | 126 (4.4) | |||
| Good | 7 (6.3) | 1,083 (35.9) | 17 (11.3) | 1,073 (36.0) | 64 (21.6) | 1,026 (36.2) | |||
| Fair | 47 (42.3) | 1,263 (41.8) | 60 (39.7) | 1,250 (42.0) | 108 (36.4) | 1,202 (42.4) | |||
| Poor | 52 (46.9) | 539 (17.9) | <.001 | 68 (45.0) | 523 (17.6) | <.001 | 112 (37.7) | 481 (17.0) | <.001 |
| Health changes over the past year, n (%) | |||||||||
| Improved | 11 (9.9) | 263 (8.7) | 15 (10.0) | 259 (8.7) | 35 (11.8) | 239 (8.4) | |||
| Same | 24 (21.6) | 1,503 (49.8) | 34 (22.7) | 1,493 (50.1) | 81 (27.4) | 1,446 (51.0) | |||
| Worsened | 75 (67.6) | 1,252 (41.5) | <.001 | 101 (67.3) | 1,226 (41.2) | <.001 | 180 (60.8) | 1,149 (40.5) | <.001 |
| Quality of life, n (%) | |||||||||
| Very good | 2 (1.8) | 213 (7.1) | 4 (2.7) | 211 (7.1) | 28 (9.4) | 187 (6.6) | |||
| Good | 41 (36.9) | 1,335 (44.2) | 57 (37.8) | 1,319 (44.3) | 113 (38.1) | 1,263 (44.6) | |||
| Fair | 58 (52.3) | 1,384 (45.9) | 78 (51.7) | 1,364 (45.8) | 137 (46.1) | 1,306 (46.1) | |||
| Poor | 10 (9.0) | 86 (2.9) | <.001 | 12 (8.0) | 84 (2.8) | <.001 | 19 (6.4) | 78 (2.8) | <.001 |