Table 1. Cohort characteristics.
| OIND | NIND | Neurotropic viruses | MS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HTLV-infected HAM/TSP | HIV-infected | ||||
| # of participants | 41 | 22 | 10 | 10 | 329 |
| # of women (%) | 30 (73%) | 16 (73%) | 7 (70%) | 1 (10%) | 198 (60%) |
| Mean age (range) [years] | 45 (21–74) | 51 (26–75) | 57 (37–75) | 56 (45–62) | 45 (20–76) |
| OCB positive (# and %) of cases with CSF available for review | 10/32 (31%) | 0/5 (0%) | 9/9 (100%) | - | 121/151 (80%) |
| Fulfillment of dissemination in space MRI criteria according to McDonald revised MS criteria 2017 | |||||
| # cases (%) | 26/41 (63%) | 6/22 (27%) | 2/10 (20%) | 0/10 (0%) | 329/329 (100%) |
| Paramagnetic rim lesion detection | |||||
| # cases with at least one PRL (%) | 5 (12%) | 0 | 1 (10%) | 0 | all: 172/329 (52%) CIS/RR: 116/233 (50%) Progressive: 56/96 (58%) |
| Perivenular lesion detection | |||||
| Mean perivenular lesion frequency (range) | 12.4% (0–57%) | 5.3% (0–25%) | 12.8% (0–75%) | 5.3% (0–33%) | 75.2% (35–100%) |
| # cases with ≥ 40% perivenular lesions* (%) | 2 (5%) | 0 | 1 (10%) | 0 | 80/83 (96%) |
*
Cases were dichotomized as overall CVS+ vs CVS- based on the previously described “40% rule”.4, 6, 19
Abbreviations: OIND: other inflammatory/infectious neurological diseases; HTLV: human T-lymphotropic virus; HAM/TSP: HTLV associated myelopathy/ tropical spastic paraparesis; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; NIND: non-inflammatory neurological diseases; MS: multiple sclerosis; CIS=clinically isolated syndrome; RR=relapsing remitting; OCB: oligoclonal bands; PRL: paramagnetic rim lesion.