Table 1.

The superiority and limitations of several ways to inhibit oil oxidation, as well as some trends and applications in the follow-up development process.

Process	Category	Superiority	Limitations	Research prospects	Reference
Packing material	PET	1. PET plastic itself has no toxicity and is a good oil packaging material. 2. Its oil resistance, oxygen permeability and moisture permeability are better than polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride.	PET plastic has poor heat resistance.	The heat resistance of this material needs to be further optimized	Gerassimidou et al, 2022
	Polyethylene plastic	From the perspective of safety and hygiene, polyethylene itself has very low toxicity and belongs to the safest plastic in food hygiene.	1. The base material of polyethylene PE plastic also contains some low molecular weight polyethylene. 2. The low molecular weight polymer may be dissolved in oil, which makes the oil have a bad taste.	1. To prevent the pollution of residues and added pigments, the recycled polyethylene products should not be used as oil containers. 2. It is necessary to further explore other forms of recycling.	Tsironi, Chatzidakis, & Stoforos, 2022
	Polypropylene plastic	1. Polypropylene is a highly crystalline structure, and its permeability is 1/4--1/2 that of polyethylene. 2. Polypropylene has high transparency and easy processing.	1. Polypropylene has poor cold resistance, high embrittlement temperature. 2. Polypropylene has easy aging and static electricity.	1. Study the function of polypropylene and its application characteristics in food production. 2. Explore ways to delay aging and eliminate static electricity.	Majder-Lopatka et al, 2022
	Polyvinyl chloride plastic	1. It has good transparency, thermal stability and dyeability. 2. It is not easy to break and the price is low.	1. It is often mixed with a certain amount of vinyl chloride monomer, which can dissolve into oil. 2. The mixture contains toxicity and may damage the liver.	1. Safety and hygiene. 2. When making oil packaging containers, establish safe use limits as the basic requirements for plastic containers.	Novotny et al, 2022
	Metal oil drum	1. It has large capacity, good light proof and air tightness, and can be reused. 2. It is an economic dish appliance.	It has the disadvantage of dissolving trace iron into the oil.	1. Explore sprayable epoxy coatings. 2. Optimize the purification process to minimize the dissolution of iron ions.	Deshwal & Panjagari, 2020
	Glass bottles	Compared with other packaging, glass container has the advantages of hardness, air tightness and low cost	1. The glass bottle itself is heavy, so the packaging and transportation cost is high. 2. The glass bottle is fragile, the light transmittance is poor, and the food is easy to change color and oxidize.	To avoid light and prolong the stability period of oil, it should be made of brown glass or painted with protective color on the outside of the bottle.	Morgan, Styles, & Thomas Lane, 2022
Natural antioxidants	Free radical scavenger	It can react with and scavenge free radicals, which can transform free radicals into more stable products and stop the chain reaction of free radicals, to prevent the automatic oxidation of oils and fats.	If the dose is too large, the oxidation of antioxidant components will produce side effects of peroxidation free radicals, and the generated free radicals will also induce chain reactions.	To further explore the relevant categories of natural antioxidants, understand their specific mechanism of inhibiting oil oxidation, and obtain safer, effective and stable compounds.	Hu et al., 2020
	Active oxygen molecular quencher	It can significantly enhance the antioxidant capacity of edible oil and can well act on the photooxidation of oil.	Its application in autooxidation and enzymatic oxidation is limited.	Its application in oil oxidation needs to be further explored.	Liang et al., 2021
	Oxygen scavenger	1. Oxygen scavengers delay the oxidation reaction by removing oxygen from food. 2. These substances have strong affinity for oxygen.	In the presence of oxygen, the oxygen scavenger itself is oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid, which is irreversibly degraded.	1. The substances produced during the inhibition of oxygen scavengers need to be further explored. 2. Their safety and application stability need to be further explored.	Luo et al., 2021
Lipoxygenase inhibitor	O-phenanthroline	1. It has a certain inhibitory effect on the activity of lipoxygenase. 2. After the treated time reaches 60 min, the enzyme activity value is stable at about 65 %.	1. Inhibitory effect of o-phenanthroline was not significant. 2. Stability of the complex formed in the inhibition process is low and the inhibition is incomplete.	The stability and effect of its inhibition need to be further explored and applied.	Al-Saidi et al, 2022
	Mercaptoethanol	The effect of mercaptoethanol on inhibiting the activity of fatty chlorination enzyme is very obvious.	Its application in the actual production process is less, and its side effects are not clear, which needs to be further explored.	To evaluate its effect, inhibition stability and safety for oil oxidation resistance.	Shaikhqasem, Schmitt, Valerius, & Ficner, 2021
	Synergism between cysteine and o-phenanthroline	Cysteine / phenanthroline synergistically inhibited the combination of lipoxygenase, and the compound synergistic effect was more obvious.	Its application in the actual production process is less, and its side effects are not clear, which needs to be further explored.	To comprehensively evaluate its inhibition effect and improve its application in oil oxidation	Comert & Gokmen, 2022
	Synergistic effect of cysteine and citric acid	Citric acid can inhibit lipoxygenase in combination with cysteine. The effect is the best in the simulated production process.	Its application in the actual production process is less, and its side effects are not clear, which needs to be further explored.	Comprehensively considered according to its practical application effect, action stability and application with other substances in the oil.	Ma et al., 2022