Table 3.
Studies 3–11 sample characteristics.
| Nation | Characteristic | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Source | Dependent measures | Covariates | |
| Threat | ||||
| Study 3* | 4,855 | MTurk | Perceived Geographical Ecological Stress | Ideology, Income |
| Study 4 | 1,084 | MTurk | Perceived COVID Stress, Desired Restriction and Punishment | Ideology, Income, Age, Sex, Education |
| Study 5* | 421 | MTurk | Belief in a Dangerous World | Ideology |
| Study 6 | 533 | MTurk | Political Outgroup Threat | Ideology, Age, Sex |
| Restrictive Norms | ||||
| Study 7 | 350 | MTurk | Restrictive Norms Support | Ideology, Age, Sex |
| Outgroup Dislike | ||||
| Study 8 | 271 | MTurk | Dislike of African-Americans and Jews | Ideology, Age, Sex, Population |
| Study 9 | 169 | MTurk | Dislike of African-Americans and Jews | Ideology, Age, Sex, Population |
| Rigidity | ||||
| Study 10a | 178 | College Student | Dogmatism, Modern Racism, Attitude Strength | Ideology, Attitude Content |
| Study 10b | 147 | MTurk | Dogmatism, Modern Racism, Attitude Strength | Ideology, Attitude Content |
| Study 11 | 479 | MTurk | Dogmatism, Need for Closure | Social and Economic Conservatism |
*
Pre-registered study on OSF.