Table 2.

Characteristics of survey respondents.

Features	Classification	Frequency	Frequency/%
Corporate history	Less than 5 years	9	4.25%
	6–10 years	59	27.83%
	11–15 years	64	30.19%
	16–20 years	52	24.53%
	More than 21 years	28	13.21%
Nature of ownership	State-owned	27	12.74%
	Private	157	74.06%
	Foreign investment	14	6.6%
	Joint venture	13	6.13%
	Other	1	0.47%
Enterprise size	1–99 people	51	24.06%
	100–499 people	97	45.75%
	500–1,000 people	39	18.4%
	More than 1,000 people	25	11.79%
Industry type	Consumer goods/home appliances	47	22.17%
	Automotive/machinery manufacturing	49	23.11%
	Electrical/optical	9	4.25%
	Chemical/biomedical	33	15.57%
	Semiconductor/electronic information	20	9.43%
	IT hardware/software	34	16.04%
	Other (please add)	20	9.43%
Position	Senior management	25	11.79%
	Middle management	50	23.58%
	Basic management	101	47.64%
	General staff	36	16.98%
Development stage	Early stage of business	5	2.36%
	Growth stage	93	43.87%
	Maturity stage	101	47.64%
	Transformation phase	13	6.13%
Academic qualifications	Specialty	23	10.85%
	Undergraduate	168	79.25%
	Graduate student and above	21	9.91%
	Other	0	0%
Personal growth environment	Rural	83	39.62%
	City	128	60.38%