Table 3.
Early postoperative outcomes
| O | MI | Total | p value * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of cases | 208 | 398 | 606 | ||
| Clavien–Dindo grade > = 3 | No | 194 (93.3) | 370 (93.0) | 564 (93.1) | 1.000 |
| Yes | 14 (6.7) | 27 (6.8) | 41 (6.8) | ||
| (Missing) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | ||
| Leak | No | 199 (95.7) | 385 (96.7) | 584 (96.4) | 0.664 |
| Yes | 9 (4.3) | 13 (3.3) | 22 (3.6) | ||
| Medical complication | No | 189 (90.9) | 372 (93.5) | 561 (92.6) | 0.319 |
| Yes | 19 (9.1) | 26 (6.5) | 45 (7.4) | ||
| Type of medical complication | Respiratory | 4 (1.9) | 3 (0.8) | 7 (1.2) | |
| Sepsis | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) | 3 (0.5) | ||
| Cardiac | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.8) | 3 (0.5) | ||
| Other types | 14 (6.7) | 18 (4.5) | 32 (5.3) | ||
| Surgical complication | No | 184 (88.5) | 361 (90.7) | 545 (89.9) | 0.466 |
| Yes | 24 (11.5) | 37 (9.3) | 61 (10.1) | ||
| Type of surgical complication | Anastomotic hemorrhage | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.3) | |
| Abdominal collection | 1 (0.5) | 5 (1.3) | 6 (1.0) | ||
| Bowel Obstruction | 2 (1.0) | 2 (0.5) | 4 (0.7) | ||
| Pancreatic fistula | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | ||
| Significant hemorrhage | 2 (1.0) | 5 (1.3) | 7 (1.2) | ||
| Surgical site infection | 9 (4.3) | 6 (1.5) | 15 (2.5) | ||
| Other types | 10 (4.8) | 16 (4.0) | 26 (4.3) | ||
| 30-day mortality | No | 207 (99.5) | 397 (99.7) | 604 (99.7) | 1.000 |
| Yes | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.3) | ||
| Reoperation | No | 194 (93.3) | 331 (83.2) | 525 (86.6) | 0.722 |
| Yes | 11 (5.3) | 23 (5.8) | 34 (5.6) | ||
| (Missing) | 3 (1.4) | 44 (11.1) | 47 (7.8) | ||
| Length of stay | Median (IQR) | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 7.0 (5.0–9.0) | 7.0 (6.0 to 9.0) | < 0.001 |
| Conversion | No | 208 (100) | 357 (89.7) | 565 (93.2) | |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 41 (10.3) | 41 (6.8) | ||
O open group, MI minimally invasive group, Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ 3 grade ≥ 3 postoperative complications according to Clavien–Dindo Classification, Conversion conversion from MI to open surgery
*Chi-square test for all categorical variables with the exception of “30-days mortality” for which Fisher’s test has been used, Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables (previously checked as not normally distributed with Shapiro–Wilk test)