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. 2023 Feb 8;14:1096659. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1096659

Table 2.

Association between LnBLL (μmol/L) and LnE2 (pg/mL) Stratified by race/ethnicity and sex.

LnBLL (μmol/L) (Quartile) LnE2 (pg/mL)
8 to 11 years old 12 to 15 years old 16 to 19 years old
Male
 Q1 Reference Reference Reference
 Q2 0.0868 (0.0460, 0.1277) *** 1.7147 (0.4118, 3.0176) * 0.2173 (0.1510, 0.2837) ***
 Q3 0.0430 (0.0037, 0.0823) * 3.0914 (1.7980, 4.3847) *** 0.1553 (0.0871, 0.2235) ***
 Q4 0.1073 (0.0673, 0.1473) *** 1.6038 (0.2687, 2.9388) * 0.1560 (0.0906, 0.2215) ***
P for trend <0.001 0.326 0.006
Female
 Q1 Reference Reference Reference
 Q2 -0.0788 (-0.1760, 0.0183) -3.3109 (-11.8286, 5.2069) 0.0795 (-0.0585, 0.2175)
 Q3 -0.0756 (-0.1791, 0.0278) -16.4467 (-27.4173, -5.4762) ** -0.0019 (-0.1705, 0.1668)
 Q4 -0.0632 (-0.1739, 0.0476) -3.1587 (-16.2987, 9.9813) -0.1939 (-0.3980, 0.0102)
P for trend 0.308 0.377 0.171

In this chart, age, ratio of family income to poverty; total energy, cholesterol, Ln(iron) and Ln(zinc) intake on the first day; fish eaten during the past 30 days, moderate recreational activities, body mass index, Ln(serum copper) were adjusted.

BLL, Blood lead levels; E2, Estradiol.

*P  < 0.05, **P  < 0.01, ***P  < 0.001.