Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of GenPE participants.
| Variable | Controls (n = 1886) |
Pre-eclampsia (n = 1365) |
Difference (95%CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 18.7 (2.8) | 19.3 (3.1) | − 0.6 (− 0.80, − 0.39) |
| Gestational age at recruitment (weeks), mean (SD) | 39.1 (1.1) | 36.6 (3.4) | 2.5 (2.38, 2.76) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | 110.9 (7.6) | 147.7 (11.6) | − 36.8 (− 37.5, − 36.0) |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | 68.5 (6.3) | 96.4 (8.8) | − 27.8 (− 28.4, − 27.3) |
| Antenatal visits, median (IQR) | 6.0 (4.0, 7.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 7.0) | 0.0 (− 0.16, 0.16) |
| OR (95%CI)a | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethnicity, N (%) | |||
| Mixed | 1410 (74.7%) | 969 (70.9%) | Reference |
| White Hispanic | 294 (15.5%) | 237 (17.3%) | 1.17 (0.97, 1.41) |
| Afro-Caribbean | 153 (8.1%) | 132 (9.6%) | 1.25 (0.98, 1.60) |
| Amerindians | 6 (0.3%) | 13 (0.9%) | 3.15 (1.19, 8.33) |
| Missing | 23 (1.2%) | 13 (0.9%) | |
| Socioeconomic status, N (%) | |||
| Medium–High | 78 (4.1%) | 60 (4.4%) | Reference |
| Low | 1768 (93.7%) | 1280 (93.7%) | 0.94 (0.66, 1.32) |
| Missing | 40 (2.1%) | 25 (1.8%) | |
| Mother with PE, N (%) | |||
| No | 1363 (72.2%) | 874 (64.0%) | Reference |
| Yes | 130 (6.8%) | 209 (15.3%) | 1.11(1.02, 1.21) |
| Missing | 6 (0.3%) | 12 (0.8%) | |
| Sister with PE, N (%) | |||
| No | 871 (46.0%) | 663 (49.1%) | Reference |
| Yes | 94 (4.9%) | 130 (9.5%) | 1.14 (0.98, 1.31) |
| No sister with pregnancy | 809 (42.9%) | 483 (35.3%) | |
| Missing | 16 (0.8%) | 15 (1.1%) | |
| Infections, N (%) | |||
| No | 665 (35.2%) | 469 (34.3%) | Reference |
| Yes | 1189 (63.0%) | 868 (63.5%) | 1.04 (0.90, 1.19) |
| Missing | 4 (0.2%) | 5 (0.3%) | |
| Smoking, N (%) | |||
| No | 1828 (96.9) | 1328 (97.2%) | Reference |
| Yes | 49 (2.6%) | 24 (1.7%) | 0.67 (0.41, 1.10) |
| Missing | 9 (0.4%) | 13 (0.9%) | |
| Multiple pregnancy, N (%) | |||
| No | 1882 (99.7%) | 1330 (97.4%) | Reference |
| Yes | 4 (0.2%) | 35 (2.5%) | 12.38 (4.39, 34.91) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | |
PE, pre-eclampsia; IQR, interquartile range.
aMean differences calculated with t-test with unequal variances for continuous variables. Difference in medians calculated with median regression. For categorical variables, unadjusted ORs were calculated through logistic regression with controls as reference group. Infections: vaginosis, urinary tract infections, sexual transmitted diseases and others.