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. 2023 Feb 8;11:1078115. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1078115

Table 6.

Chi-square test (cross-tabulation) results for the media type and the number of preprint frames adopter.

Media type (%)
Number of preprint frames adopted Digital-native news platforms Legacy media News aggregators Total x 2 p
0 104 (41.27) 104 (56.22) 20 (64.52) 228 (48.72) 18.889 0.004**
1 74 (29.37) 50 (27.03) 9 (29.03) 133 (28.42)
2 57 (22.62) 26 (14.05) 2 (6.45) 85 (18.16)
3 17 (6.75) 5 (2.70) 0 (0.00) 22 (4.70)
Total 252 185 31 468

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.

From the Table above, we can see that using a chi-square test (cross-tabulation) to examine the relationship between media type and preprint frame adoption. The media type shows a 0.01 level of significance for the total score (chi = 18.889, p = 0.004), and the difference in percentage comparison shows that news aggregators selected 0 at 64.52%, which is significantly higher than the average of 48.72%. 56.22% of legacy media selected 0, significantly higher than the average of 48.72%.