Table 1.
Characteristics of hospitalized patients with STEMI by practice of reperfusion.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 59,447) | No Reperfusion (n = 21,962) | Primary PCI (n = 32,929) | Fibrinolysis (n = 4556) |
| Age, years | 61.8 ± 12.6 | 63.5 ± 12.8‡ | 61.2 ± 12.5§ | 58.5 ± 11.5|| |
| Female | 12,937 (21.8) | 5572‡ (25.4) | 6593§ (20.0) | 772|| (16.9) |
| Medical insurance | ||||
| Urban insurance | 31,356 (52.7) | 10,337‡ (47.1) | 18,958§ (57.6) | 2061|| (45.2) |
| Rural insurance | 13,561 (22.8) | 6439‡ (29.3) | 5693§ (17.3) | 1429|| (31.4) |
| Self-paid | 8203 (13.8) | 2890‡ (13.2) | 4676§ (14.2) | 637‡§ (14.0) |
| Other | 6327 (10.6) | 2296‡ (10.5) | 3602‡ (10.9) | 429§ (9.4) |
| Risk factor | ||||
| Hypertension | 36,542 (61.5) | 13,515‡ (61.5) | 20,480‡ (62.2) | 2547§ (55.9) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 16,907 (28.4) | 6502‡ (29.6) | 9262§ (28.1) | 1143|| (25.1) |
| Chronic heart failure | 15,471 (26.0) | 6161‡ (28.1) | 8030§ (24.4) | 1280‡ (28.1) |
| Elevated LDL-C (≥ 70 mg/dL) | 51,324 (86.3) | 18,261‡ (83.1) | 29,221§ (88.7) | 3842‡ (84.3) |
| Smoking | 27,479 (46.2) | 8930‡ (40.7) | 16,124§ (49.0) | 2425|| (53.2) |
| History of disease | ||||
| Coronary heart disease | 4122 (6.9) | 1786‡ (8.1) | 2058§ (6.2) | 278§ (6.1) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 4559 (7.7) | 2029‡ (9.2) | 2255§ (6.8) | 275|| (6.0) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 808 (1.4) | 340‡ (1.5) | 424§ (1.3) | 44§ (1.0) |
| Renal failure | 638 (1.1) | 327‡ (1.5) | 279§ (0.8) | 32§ (0.7) |
| Bleeding∗ | 93 (0.4) | 46‡ (0.7) | 38§ (0.3) | 9‡ (0.6) |
| Transferred-in | 29,663 (49.9) | 12,242‡ (55.7) | 14,069§ (42.7) | 3352|| (73.6) |
| Symptom-to-admission time†, h | 5.5 [2.5,15.5] | 17.6‡ [5.0,64.3] | 4.1§ [2.1,8.0] | 7.1|| [3.2,17.6] |
| Killip class | ||||
| I | 41,731 (70.2) | 13,854‡ (63.1) | 24,615§ (74.8) | 3262|| (71.6) |
| II–III | 14,808 (24.9) | 6838‡ (31.1) | 6899§ (21.0) | 1071|| (23.5) |
| IV | 2908 (4.9) | 1270‡ (5.8) | 1415§ (4.3) | 223§ (4.9) |
| Vital signs | ||||
| eGFR, mL·min−1·1.73 m−2) | 91.4 ± 38.2 | 89.0 ± 40.0‡ | 92.5 ± 37.3§ | 95.4 ± 35.6|| |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 78.2 ± 16.4 | 78.4 ± 16.9‡ | 78.3 ± 16.1‡ | 76.8 ± 15.8§ |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 127.2 ± 23.3 | 127.8 ± 23.1‡ | 127.2 ± 23.6§ | 124.4 ± 21.9|| |
| Medications in first 24 h | ||||
| DAPT | 56,518 (95.1) | 20,303‡ (92.4) | 31,830§ (96.7) | 4385§ (96.2) |
| ACEI or ARB | 27,786 (46.7) | 10,591‡ (48.2) | 15,056§ (45.7) | 2139‡§ (46.9) |
| β-blockers | 32,515 (54.7) | 12,388‡ (56.4) | 17,574§ (53.4) | 2553‡ (56.0) |
| Statins | 55,849 (93.9) | 20,427‡ (93.0) | 31,054§ (94.3) | 4368|| (95.9) |
| Hospital stays, days | 9.0 [7.0,12.0] | 10.0‡ [7.0,14.0] | 9.0§ [7.0,12.0] | 10.0‡|| [7.0,13.0] |
Data are presented as n (%), mean ± standard deviation or median [interquartile range].
∗
Among 20,703 patients enrolled since July 2017.
†
Symptom-to-admission time was not available for 13,878 of 59,447 (23.3%) patients with STEMI.
‡
Group differs significantly from type (in a row) where § or || is indicated.
ACEI: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin receptor blocker; DAPT: Dual antiplatelet therapy; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.