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. 2023 Feb 22;131(2):027005. doi: 10.1289/EHP11372

Figure 3.

Figure 3A is a coefficient plot titled Study of Latino Adolescents at Risk, plotting Putative anti-inflammatory metabolites formation from Eicosapentaenoic acid, including Leukotriene C 5 and 15 Keto-prostaglandin E 2; Prostaglandin formation from Arachidonate, including Arachidonic acid and Prostaglandin E 2; Linoleate metabolism, including (E)-4-Hyfroxynon-2-enal, 12,13-Epoxy-9-alkoxy-10 E-octadecenoate, Lysophosphatidylcholines (18 to 1(9 Z)), Pelargonic acid, 13(S)-Hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid, 13-Octadecanienoic acid, and Linoleic acid; Fatty acid metabolism, including Glycerol; and De novo fatty acid biosynthesis, including Elaidic acid and Dodecanoic acid (y-axis) across Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixture effect uppercase psi (95 percent Bayesian credible interval), ranging from negative 1 to 2 in unit increments (x-axis) for Same direction of association in Study of Latino Adolescents at Risk and Children’s Health Study and Only significant in one cohort. Figure 3B is a coefficient plot titled Children’s Health Study, plotting Prostaglandin formation from Arachidonate, including Arachidonic acid and 11-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoate glyceryl ester, and De novo fatty acid biosynthesis, including Docosahexaenoic acid and Behenic acid (y-axis) across per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixture effect uppercase psi (95 percent Bayesian credible interval), ranging from negative 1 to 2 in unit increments (x-axis) for Same direction of association in Study of Latino Adolescents at Risk and Children’s Health Study and Only significant in one cohort.

Associations between PFAS mixtures and metabolites associated with lipid metabolism in (A) adolescents from the SOLAR cohort (n=312) and (B) young adults from the CHS cohort (n=137). Effect estimates for PFAS mixture (ψ) and the 95% Bayesian credible interval (BCI) estimate the change in metabolite levels (SD of the log-transformed feature intensity) when increasing all PFAS in the mixture from the 30th percentile to the 70th percentile. This estimate is also equivalent to a standardized mean difference calculated between a hypothetical group of individuals with all PFAS at the ∼70th percentile vs. a hypothetical group of individuals with all PFAS at the ∼30th percentile. Corresponding p-values and q-values are presented in Table S4. Note: CHS, Children’s Health Study; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; HPOT, hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid; LysoPC, lysophosphatidylcholines; OxoODE, Octadecanienoic acid; PFAS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; SD, standard deviation; SOLAR, Study of Latino Adolescents at Risk.