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. 2023 Feb 22;15:37. doi: 10.1186/s13195-023-01173-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Baseline tau-PET patterns (discrete scale) and corresponding longitudinal atrophy in the AD continuum. Top panel: Topography of baseline tau-PET SUVR in four discrete tau-PET patterns in AD continuum (N = 173). The zoomed in view shows the tau-PET SUVR in the entorhinal cortex. Darker (dark blue) colors represent elevated tau-PET SUVR; bottom panels: topography of atrophy, measured in terms of longitudinal thickness (Z-score) corresponding to each tau-PET pattern, in a subcohort of AD continuum, tracked across retrospective, baseline and prospective timepoints (N = 61). Darker (dark blue) colors represent higher atrophy (thinner cortex). All cortical maps correspond to the left hemisphere (similar patterns were observed in the right hemisphere). Z-scores below 0 represent regional thinning. Sørensen–Dice coefficient comparing the topographical overlap between the tau-PET pattern at baseline and atrophy at each timepoint is reported as d. AD = Alzheimer’s disease; T_R = retrospective timepoint; T_B = baseline timepoint; T_P = prospective timepoint; TAD = typical AD; LP = limbic predominant; CP = cortical predominant; MT = minimal tau; d = Sørensen–Dice coefficient