Table 1.

Characteristics of Included Studies

Author (Year) Country	Population			Intervention a. Telemonitoring and telecoaching design b. Exercise prescription (intensity, duration of exercise, modality of exercise)	Comparison	Outcome: a. Primary b. Secondary	Follow-up (months)
	Number(n)	Age (Mean ± SD)	Female, n (%)
Widmer et al (2017) United States	IG: n = 37 CG: n = 34	IG: 62.5 ± 10.7 CG: 63.6 ± 10.9	IG: 8 (22%) CG: 5 (15%)	a. DHI + CR: patients receive the online and smartphone-based CR program and report their dietary and exercise habits to the DHI b. Standard phase II CR program (NA, 36 sessions/12 weeks, NA)	standard CR	a. CV-related ED visits and rehospitalizations b. Weight, blood pressure, heart rate, glucose/HbA1c, lipids, physical activity, diet, QoL, mood, compliance	3
Dorje et al (2019) China	IG: n = 156 CG: n = 156	IG: 59.1 ± 9.4 CG: 61.9 ± 8.7	IG: 28 (18%) CG: 19 (30%)	a. SMART-CR/SP: participants received educational modules by smartphone app delivered via WeChat, and patient-centered coronary heart disease risk factor monitoring and management support via WeChat-interfaced monitor b. The regular exercise protocol with daily step count supervision (NA, 1 per week/8 weeks and biweekly /24 weeks, NA)	Usual care	a. 6MWT b. Participants’ knowledge and awareness of coronary heart disease; resting heart rate; systolic blood pressure; cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention needs; full lipid profile; adherence to cardioprotective medications; smoking status; obesity (presented as BMI and waist-to-hip ratio); psychosocial wellbeing; and quality of life	12
Lee et al (2013) Korea	IG: n = 26 CG: n = 29	IG: 54.3 ± 8.9 CG: 57.8 ± 7.5	IG: 4(15%) CG: 7 (24%)	a. HBTCR: participants received a standard CR program, which consisted of educational rehabilitation and exercise training with wearing a wireless heart rate monitoring device during exercise b. The tailored exercise program (40% to 80% heart rate reserve, five times weekly/10 weeks, flexibility exercise for warm-up exercise for 10 min and cool-down exercise for 10 min, and main exercise of gait for 30 min)	Usual care	a. Exercise capacity (submaximal rate pressure product, submaximal rate of perceived exertion, metabolic equivalent of the tasks, and maximal exercise time other outcomes) b. Quality of life	3
Fang (2019) China	IG: n = 33 CG: n = 34	IG: 60.24 ± 9.35 CG: 61.41 ± 10.17	IG: 21(63.6%) CG: 21(61.8%)	a. HBCTR: participants received a real-time physiological monitoring system consisting of a belt strap with a sensor, a smartphone with an application, computer servers, and a web portal b. Individualized outdoor exercise (NA, no less than thrice per week/6 weeks, walking or jogging)	Usual care	a. 6MWT b. Clinical status (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure); anxiety and depression (CDS score); risk factors (FTND score); quality of life (SF-36 (PCS), SF-36 (MCS))	1.5
Li (2022) China	IG: n = 40 CG: n = 40	IG: 55.4 ± 8.9 CG: 55.6 ± 8.3	IG: 13(32.5%) CG: 15(37.5%)	a. HBCTR: received supervision intervention by a medical rehabilitation team, divided into six WeChat groups according to the doctor in charge, and they used an exercise bracelet to monitor heart rate b. The walking program (NA, NA, NA)	Outpatient rehabilitation treatment	a. Compliance, satisfaction evaluation, incidence of cardiac events b. Heart rate, quality of life score, and 6-min walking test	6

IG Intervention group; CG control group; DHI Digital health interventions; CR cardiac rehabilitation; NA Not Available; CV cardiovascular; ED emergency department; QoL quality of life; SMART-CR/SP a system involved smartphone-based home cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention program; 6MWT the six-minute walking test; BMI body mass index; HBTCR home-based cardiac telerehabilitation; CDS the Cardiac Depression Scale; FTND the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence questionnaire; SF-36 (MCS) SF-36 Health Survey (mental component summary scale); SF-36 (PCS) SF-36 Health Survey (physical component summary scale)