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. 2023 Feb 22;14:12. doi: 10.1186/s13293-023-00494-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Associations of body shape phenotypes with platelet parameters. ABSI a body shape index (cutoffs ≥ 73 for women; ≥ 80 for men); Apple large-ABSI–small-HI; BMI body mass index; CI confidence interval; HI hip index (cutoffs ≥ 64 for women; ≥ 49 for men); MPV mean platelet volume; NW normal weight (BMI ≥ 18.5 to BMI < 25 kg/m²); OB obese (BMI ≥ 30 to BMI < 45 kg/m²); OW overweight (BMI ≥ 25 to BMI < 30 kg/m²); PDW platelet distribution width; Pear small-ABSI–large-HI; SD standard deviation; Slim small-ABSI–small-HI; Wide large-ABSI–large-HI. SD_differences (95% CI) in platelet parameters compared to the reference category from multivariable linear regression models including each platelet parameter as an outcome variable (sex-specific z-scores, following log-transformation) and as exposures, ABSI-by-HI (“pear” reference) and BMI categories (A), or BMI-by-ABSI-by-HI (“pear” NW reference) (B), with adjustment for height, age, weight change (last year), smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, Townsend deprivation index, region of the assessment centre, time of blood collection, fasting time, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, paracetamol use, and for women, menopausal status, hormonal replacement therapy use, oral contraceptives use, and age at the last live birth. Numerical values are shown in Additional file 1: Table S5. ^A/B p values for body shape overall (next to “pear”) or for heterogeneity of the associations with body shape according to BMI category (next to “pear-NW”) from likelihood ratio tests, separately for women and men, comparing fully adjusted models including BMI categories with and without ABSI-by-HI (A), or the fully adjusted additive model, including ABSI-by-HI and BMI categories, with the interaction model, including BMI-by-ABSI-by-HI (B). ^{M vs W} p values for men vs. women from likelihood ratio tests comparing models including women and men with and without an interaction term of ABSI-by-HI with sex (row Overall) or of BMI-by-ABSI-by-HI with sex (row Men), adjusted for covariates (except female-specific), and including an interaction term of age with sex. p values - p ≥ 0.05; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001; ***p < 1*10^–6