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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 22.
Published in final edited form as: Am Econ J Econ Policy. 2022 Nov;14(4):397–431. doi: 10.1257/pol.20190628

Table 3—:

Inpatient Outcomes

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Spending Any Admissions Admissions

Treatment × Post −53
(25)
−.005
(.002)
−.006
(.003)
Treatment × Post (2007–2008) −35
(28)
−.005
(.002)
−.006
(.003)
Treatment × Post −51
(31)
−.005
(.002)
−.005
(.003)
IV Coefficient −70 −57 −.006 −.006 −.008 −.007

(32) (29) (.003) (.002) (.004) (.004)
Baseline Mean 644 644 .075 .075 .096 .096

Percent Change −.109
(.05)
−.089
(.045)
−.082
(.038)
−.083
(.033)
−.084
(.043)
−.077
(.038)
Individual Fixed Effects X X X X X X

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)
Surgery Admissions Non-Surgery Admissions Length of Stay

Treatment × Post .001
(.001)
−.007
(.003)
−.054
(.032)
Treatment × Post (2007–2008) −.001
(.002)
−.005
(.002)
−.014
(.038)
Treatment × Post .003
(.002)
−.008
(.003)
−.032
(.032)
IV Coefficient .001 .001 −.009 −.009 −.072 −.031

(.002) (.002) (.003) (.003) (.041) (.039)
Baseline Mean .039 .039 .057 .057 .698 .698

Percent Change .021
(.043)
.037
(.043)
−.156
(.061)
−.155
(.055)
−.102
(.058)
−.045
(.056)
Individual Fixed Effects X X X X X X

Note: Table shows reduced form and instrumental variable estimates for inpatient outcomes. For each outcome, the first column shows estimates of control-treatment differences from estimating the pooled version of the reduced form specification in Equation (1) and estimates of the impact of Medicaid managed care from estimating our instrumental variable specification, pooling over the entire post-period. The second column shows reduced form and instrumental variable estimates, when the post-period is broken into two separate periods, 2007–2008 and 2009–2010. In the second and fourth columns we estimate the IV coefficient using the two separate treatment post interaction terms as instruments. We control for service area by quarter fixed effects. Standard errors are clustered at the county level. For more details, see Section III. (N = 643, 751 beneficiary-quarters.)