Table 2.
De-Escalation Strategies
| Term | Frequency of Mention | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Practice-based training (bespoke to needs of carers) | 11 | Training to de-escalate behaviours – practical strategies. [P8] |
| CAIT (n=4) | Communication training (CAIT). [P12] | |
| PAC (n=3) | Train in use of reactive strategies as taught in PAC and CAIT. [P2] | |
| Communication | 7 | Communication (person-centred, graded approach). [P21] |
| Environment - physical setting and culture | 6 | Environmental changes [10], Environment [P12], Space. [P17] |
| Training in de-escalation skills | 4 | [Teach] some quick ways or techniques to support staff and family to break cycle to de-escalate. [P24] |
| Therapeutic lie | 3 | Therapeutic lies [P12], [P17], [P2] |
| Identify and treat physical health, including delirium, pain | 3 | Appropriate and timely identification of delirium. [P22] Recognise triggers, eg pain and responses to have less pain. [P8] |
| Specific protocols (BANGS, VERA) | 3 | VERA script, BANGS. [P14] |
| Meeting need | 2 | Assess need, meet need, ensure safety. [P13] |
| Work with the emotion | 2 | Engage with emotion [17], Reduce emotion. [P13] |