Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients.
| Characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| Female | 137 (43) |
| Male | 185 (57) |
| Age, months | 119.44 ± 53.8 |
| PRISM | 9 (4–15) |
| PELOD | 10 (6–14) |
| VIS | 15 (10–30) |
| Mean fever time (days) | 4.5 (2–6) |
| SARS-CoV-2 antigen PCR positive | 30 (9) |
| SARS-CoV-2 serology positive | 240 (74.5) |
| SARS-CoV-2 antigen PCR and serology positive | 13 (4) |
| Length of stay PICU, days | 6 (3–9) |
| Clinical presenting features | |
| Fever | 322 (100) |
| Shock | 215 (66.8) |
| Tachypnea or dyspnea | 196 (60.8) |
| Skin rash | 182 (57) |
| Abdominal pain | 176 (54.6) |
| Conjunctival changes | 168 (52.1) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 150 (46.6) |
| Comorbidities | 47 (14.6) |
| Obesity | 22 (6.8) |
| Congenital heart disease | 6 (1.9) |
| Neuromuscular disease | 6 (1.9) |
| Malignancy | 8 (2.5) |
| Rheumatological disease | 3 (0.9) |
| Asthma | 2 (0.6) |
| The most commonly involved organ systems | |
| Cardiovascular | 274 (85) |
| Hematological | 267 (82.9) |
| Gastrointestinal | 201 (62.4) |
| Mucocutaneous | 190 (59) |
| Respiratory | 163 (50.6) |
| Renal | 68 (21.1) |
| Neurological | 88 (27.3) |
| Therapy | |
| Mechanical ventilation | 55 (17) |
| Non-invasive MV | 68 (21.1) |
| HFNC | 97 (30.1) |
| ECMO | 11 (3.4) |
| TPE | 75 (23.3) |
| CRRT | 19 (5.9) |
| Vasopressor support | 228 (70.8) |
| Milrinone | 129 (40) |
| Epinephrine | 117 (36.3) |
| Norepinephrine | 102 (31.7) |
| Dopamine | 27 (8.4) |
| IVIG | 294 (91.3) |
| Systemic glucocorticoids | 266 (82.6) |
| Low dose (2 mg/kg/day) | 139 (43.2) |
| Medium dose (10 mg/kg/day) | 22 (6.8) |
| High dose (30 mg/kg/day) | 105 (32.6) |
| IVIG+ glucocorticoids | 255 (79.2) |
| Interleukin-1Ra inhibitor | 72 (22.4) |
| Interleukin-6 inhibitors | 11 (3.4) |
| Anticoagulation (LMWH) | 225 (69.9) |
| Aspirin | 127 (39.4) |
PRISM pediatric risk of mortality, PELOD pediatric logistic organ dysfunction, VIS vasoactive inotropic score, PCR polymerase chain reaction, MV mechanical ventilation, HFNC high flow nasal cannula, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, TPE therapeutic plasma exchange, CRRT continuous renal replacement treatment, IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin, LMWH low molecular weight heparin.