Table 3.
Comparison of baseline clinical characteristics between the probiotics and control groups in patients with ulcerative colitis
| Characteristic | Probiotics group (n=19) | Control group (n=111) | p-valuea) | OR (95% CI) | p-valueb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 39.6±19.2 | 40.9±13.3 | 0.778 | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 9 (47.4) | 66 (59.5) | 0.324 | ||
| Female | 10 (52.6) | 45 (40.5) | |||
| Disease duration (yr) | 21.8±41.7 | 8.5±12.4 | 0.183 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.6±3.6 | 23.0±3.7 | 0.685 | ||
| Disease location | |||||
| Proctosigmoiditis | 11(57.9) | 51 (45.9) | 0.328 | ||
| Left-sided | 1 (5.3) | 16 (14.4) | |||
| Extensive | 7 (36.8) | 44 (39.6) | |||
| Duration of probiotics prescription (day) | 152.6±111.7 | ||||
| Types of probiotics | |||||
| Lacidofil | 9 (47.4) | ||||
| Medilac | 7 (36.8) | ||||
| Bioflor | 3 (15.8) | ||||
| Ramnos | 0 (0) | ||||
| Physician global assessment | |||||
| Remission or mild | 17 (89.5) | 101 (91.0) | 0.688 | 1 | |
| Moderate or severe | 2 (10.5) | 10 (9.0) | 0.006 (0.000–0.291) | 0.010 | |
| Partial Mayo score | |||||
| Remission | 8 (42.1) | 75 (67.6) | 0.156 | ||
| Mild | 9 (47.4) | 26 (23.4) | |||
| Moderate | 1 (5.3) | 6 (5.4) | |||
| Severe | 1 (5.3) | 4 (3.6) | |||
| Stool frequency (/day) | 3.2±2.7 | 2.3±1.6 | 0.180 | 2.069 (1.256–3.409) | 0.004 |
| Stool consistency | |||||
| Normal | 10 (52.6) | 78 (70.3) | 0.129 | 1 | |
| Loose stool or diarrhea | 9 (47.4) | 33 (29.7) | 0.088 (0.007–1.137) | 0.063 | |
| Abdominal pain | |||||
| Absence or mild | 14 (73.7) | 105 (94.6) | 0.002 | 1 | |
| Moderate or severe | 5 (26.3) | 6 (5.4) | 44.705 (3.683–542.598) | 0.003 | |
| Hematocheziac) | |||||
| Absence | 11 (61.1) | 83 (74.8) | 0.227 | 1 | |
| Presence | 7 (38.9) | 28 (25.2) | 10.479 (1.042–105.376) | 0.046 | |
| History of IBD-related surgeries | |||||
| Presence | 0 (0) | 6 (5.4) | 0.299 | ||
| Absence | 19 (100) | 105 (94.6) | |||
| Drug complianced) | |||||
| Good | 17 (94.4) | 98 (89.1) | 0.486 | ||
| Poor | 1 (5.6) | 12 (10.9) | |||
| Prior biologics use | |||||
| Presence | 3 (15.8) | 18 (16.2) | 0.963 | ||
| Absence | 16 (84.2) | 93 (83.8) | |||
| Prior oral 5-ASA use | |||||
| Presence | 18 (94.7) | 106 (95.5) | 0.884 | ||
| Absence | 1 (5.3) | 5 (4.5) | |||
| Prior topical 5-ASA use | |||||
| Presence | 15 (78.9) | 90 (81.1) | 0.827 | ||
| Absence | 4 (21.1) | 21 (18.9) | |||
| Prior thiopurine use | |||||
| Presence | 3 (15.8) | 33 (29.7) | 0.210 | 0.214 (0.035–1.301) | 0.094 |
| Absence | 16 (84.2) | 78 (70.3) | 1 | ||
| Prior corticosteroid use | |||||
| Presence | 11 (57.9) | 51 (45.9) | 0.335 | ||
| Absence | 8 (42.1) | 60 (54.1) | |||
| Prior iron use | |||||
| Presence | 1 (5.3) | 9 (8.1) | 0.667 | ||
| Absence | 18 (94.7) | 102 (91.9) | |||
| Prior psychotropic drug use | |||||
| Presence | 2 (10.5) | 5 (4.5) | 0.283 | ||
| Absence | 17 (89.5) | 106 (95.5) | |||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 6.2±13.8 | 2.2±4.6 | 0.367 | ||
| ESR (mm/hr) | 22.8±22.0 | 14.5±13.6 | 0.088 | ||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.8±1.9 | 13.9±1.5 | 0.810 | ||
| Total protein (g/dL) | 7.5±0.7 | 13.9±68.0 | 0.756 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%) unless otherwise specified.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; 5-ASA, 5-aminosalicylic acid; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Lacidofil: Pharmbio Korea Co., Seoul, Korea; Medilac: Hanmi Pharma Co., Seoul, Korea; Bioflor: Kuhnil Pharma Co., Seoul, Korea; Ramnos, Hanwha Pharma Co., Seoul, Korea.
a)
Chi-square test.
b)
Logistic regression.
c)
One case was not reported in probiotics group of ulcerative colitis.
d)
One case was not reported in both probiotics and control group.