TABLE 3.

Body composition.

Variable	LCHF			HCLF			P-value; η 2p
	Pre Day –4	Post Day 28	Change Mean (95% CI)	Pre Day –4	Post Day 28	Change Mean (95% CI)	Treatment	Time	Interaction
Mean data
Weight (kg)	85.2 ± 12.5	81.9 ± 10.9#	−3.2 (5.2, 1.3)	84.8 ± 10.2	83.4 ± 9.4#	−1.4 (3.4, −0.6)	0.676; 0.020	0.012; 0.519	0.071; 0.318
BMI (kg/m2)	25.6 ± 2.23	24.7 ± 1.99#	−0.89 (1.5, 0.2)	25.7 ± 2.38	25.3 ± 1.84#	−0.44 (1.0, −0.1)	0.379; 0.087	0.017; 0.487	0.165; 0.202
Body Fat (%)	14.5 ± 4.80	11.9 ± 3.90	−2.5 (5.2, −0.2)	13.3 ± 5.14	13.0 ± 3.84	−0.26 (1.5, −1.0)	0.938; 0.001	0.080; 0.302	0.104; 0.267
Fat Mass (kg)	12.7 ± 5.26	9.99 ± 3.97#	−2.7 (5.3, 0.0)	11.5 ± 5.00	10.7 ± 4.02#	−0.78 (−2.2, 0.7)	0.849; 0.040	0.050; 0.363	0.127; 0.239
Fat Free Mass (kg)	72.5 ± 8.69	71.9 ± 8.74	−0.61 (2.3, −1.1)	73.3 ± 8.21	72.7 ± 8.15	−0.63 (1.6, −0.4)	0.111; 0.258	0.256; 0.140	0.976; 0.000

Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance pre and post low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LCHF) and high-carbohydrate/low-fat diet (HCLF). 2 (Treatment) x 2 (Time) Repeated Measures ANOVA demonstrated no differences across treatments. A main effect of time was observed within LCHF and HCLF treatments for weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM), and a trend in body fat percentage. Fat free mass (FFM) did not change over time. No significant interaction effects were observed, although trends were observed across LCHF and HCLF for weight (kg; p = 0.071). n = 10. Mean ± SD.

^# = significant difference for Pre vs. Post within-diet (p ≤ 0.05). Bold values represent the p < 0.05.